Bacteriophage to combat Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococci (Latin Staphylococcus, from other Greek σταφυλή - “grapes” and κόκκος - “grain”) is a genus of bacteria of the Staphylococcaceae family. In pure culture they are arranged in “bunches of grapes” because they are divided in different planes. They do not form spores or capsules; they are facultative anaerobes. They are divided into pathogenic and opportunistic.

Staphylococcus aureus can encapsulate. Bacteria of this genus are widespread in nature: in soil, water, air. They are representatives of the normal skin microflora in animals and 25-40% of the population. In humans, they live and colonize not only on the skin, but also on the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract (nose, pharynx), vagina and intestines. Their mere presence does not cause disease.

Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) is the most pathogenic for humans. It got its name because it forms a dense golden-colored coating (a special pigment) on nutrient media, while other bacteria are colorless. It is the causative agent of all kinds of inflammation of a purulent nature, without exception, in any tissue. It can affect the skin, soft tissues, respiratory, bone, joint, endovascular systems, and causes many pathologies: from acne to sepsis. Even today, it is one of the four most aggressive sources of nosocomial infections, especially in post-operative wound complications.

Antibiotic resistance

Why is staphylococcus so difficult to treat? The active use of penicillin against staphylococcus has led to the fact that, as a result of its natural selection, a mutation has become established that is completely indifferent to penicillins, since it contains the enzyme penicillinase, which breaks down penicillin.

After this, methicillin, a modification of penicillin that is not destroyed by penicillinase, began to be used for staphylococcus. But resistant strains also appeared to it, and then to vancomycin, a glycopeptide.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is resistant not only to penicillins, but also to cephalosporins. This is why Staphylococcus aureus can be treated for years without getting any results.

How to treat staphylococcus?

To combat staphylococcus, a set of measures should operate in 3 directions:

1. Impact on the source of infection itself by isolating people with staphylococcal infections, sanitizing coccus carriers among doctors and patients with antiseptics: lysozyme, furatsilin, rivanol, etc.
2. Elimination of infection, which can be achieved by improving the sanitary and hygienic regime, strict adherence to asepsis and antiseptics in the hospital.
3. Strengthening human immunity with the use of immunomodulators, including.

Such treatment with immunodrugs is called immunobiological. These include toxoids, antiphagins, vaccines, bacteriophages, gamma globulin and antistaphylococcal plasma.

How to treat staphylococcus

Since Staphylococcus aureus has developed an enzyme that neutralizes penicillin, scientists had to look for other substances that can fight infection. In general, the primary task for Staphylococcus aureus is the sanitation (restoration) of the mucous membranes - the nose, the oral cavity; which were significantly affected during infection with staphylococcal infection.

Now methicillin has been discovered - it is the same penicillin, only modified chemically.

True, there are already individual individuals of staphylococcus that demonstrate complete resistance to methicillin.

It is important to know:

1. According to scientists, in no more than ten years, methicillin will become completely useless against Staphylococcus aureus, and specialists will have to invent more and more new antibiotics to combat it.
2. It is especially difficult with antibiotics for furunculosis, another side disease of Staphylococcus aureus.
3. According to American researchers, copper alloy and copper itself can fight staphylococcal infections extremely well.

Sometimes vaccination against Staphylococcus aureus or the little-known anti-staphylococcal chlorophyllipt, reviews of which are mostly positive, are quite effective.

What is a bacteriophage and its structure

The drug is new on the drug market, and many people have little idea what it is.

Bacteriophages are viral particles placed in a liquid solution and kill only certain types of pathogenic bacteria, for example, only strains of staphylococci. They are so active that in 1 second the bacteriophage is able to capture about 10²³ bacteria.

They are especially dangerous for those cocci that have a dense polysaccharide shell, inaccessible to antibiotics. This is why phage therapy has absolutely undeniable advantages over antibiotics.

The bacteriophage against Staphylococcus aureus is a biological preparation. It reduces the concentration of toxins released by staphylococcus.

Analogs of sextaphage

Analogues are drugs that have a similar therapeutic effect. They may contain the same active substance or an analogue of its derivatives. At the same time, analogues may have different contraindications and side effects that differ from the action of the main drug. You need to remember this when buying such drugs in pharmacies.

In general, analogs, together with the main drug, are included in the same pharmacological group of drugs. Such drugs are selected when there is an allergy or intolerance to one of the components of the drug. Only the attending physician can choose the appropriate analogue of the drug.

In addition to analogues, there are synonyms that give different names to tablets that contain one active substance, in this case mitranidazole. Such drugs differ only in the price set by the drug manufacturer. Such drugs are also called generics, since they are cheaper, but act the same as the more advertised drug. Relative analogues of sextaphage can only include bacteriophages that act against a specific type of pathogenic microbes. The drug itself has a wider spectrum of action. To date, there are no analogues that replicate this mechanism.

Bacteriophage as an alternative for treating infections

Until recently, antibiotics were a panacea. They are chemical poisons for bacteria. But while killing pathogens, they do not spare the natural microflora and destroy surrounding tissues. In addition, the incorrect use of antibiotics often leads to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. This trick does not work with bacteriophages; bacteria cannot “agree” with them.

So it turns out that the bacteriophage from Staphylococcus aureus becomes an ideal weapon. A huge advantage of these viral particles is that they only act on staphylococci and do not affect other parts of the body.

How to treat sinusitis with staphylococcal bacteriophage?

The optimism of Russian doctors regarding a new weapon against bacteria is not shared by their Western colleagues. There are currently no studies confirming the effectiveness of bacteriophages. The only thing we can say about them with complete confidence is that they are easily digested in the intestines and do not cause harm to humans.

The experience of using bacteriophages in the treatment of intestinal infections has not shown their advantages over proven methods - a starvation diet and plenty of fluids - the disease resolves to the same degree of severity and in the same time frame.

Today scientists talk about phage-resistant bacteria, which do not care about bacteriophages. Another problem is highly specialized action. A bacteriophage may work against bacteria in one area, but be powerless against the same strain of microorganisms in another geographic region.

Conclusion: to date, phage therapy cannot completely replace antibiotics in the fight against infections. However, doctors suggest starting treatment with them, leaving the “heavy artillery” for the most difficult cases, while such an opportunity still remains.

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Usage

Bacteriophages from Staphylococcus aureus are like snipers who destroy enemies with precision, while other systems are not affected. They act very specifically: they multiply in the bacterial cells themselves. There is no need for repeated administration, as with antibiotics.

When they destroy all the bacteria, there will be no food left for them, and they will die on their own. But these same advantages also led to disadvantages. Due to their narrow specialization, precise identification of the pathogen is required. Then the phage can be selected optimally. This is reflected in the need for long-term clinical studies.

As a result, the therapist has a noticeable increase in work and it is much easier for him to prescribe antibiotics and dismiss the patient. In addition, each bacterium only needs its own bacteriophage. In practical applications, it is better to use cocktails of drugs.

Bacteriophages are almost living organisms, on the border between living and dead, so they cannot be bred en masse like sheep. They can only be created in laboratories. Pharmaceutical companies do not want to do complex and scrupulous work with the virus, so it is not yet possible to classify bacteriophages as drugs.

During pregnancy and lactation

The use of bacteriophages during pregnancy is a separate but very important issue. This period in a woman’s life completely excludes the use of medications, especially antibiotics, due to their negative impact on the health of the mother and child.

In this case, bacteriophages are not just an excellent alternative to antibiotics, but an effective method of treating and preventing bacterial infections that does not cause any harm to life. This product should be used only as prescribed by a doctor and following the correct dosage. Thanks to this, you can not only achieve complete recovery, but also provide reliable protection against various types of infections that occur during pregnancy or lactation.

The product has a direct effect on the destruction of bacteria that cause the disease, does not involve complications, and reduces the level of risk. The properties of the drug have the following influence:

• block infections from entering the body;
• have a positive effect even in the presence of contraindications to taking certain medications;
• when used in combination, they enhance the effect of other drugs;
• act directed;
• are not addictive;
• maintain proper and healthy intestinal microflora;
• in case of recurrences of the disease, they are an indispensable means for long-term antibacterial therapy.

Clinical practice of using bacteriophages has proven its enormous effectiveness in the treatment of sore throat and its accompanying pathologies in pregnant women:

• intestinal infections;
• diseases of the genitourinary system;
• infectious inflammation of the mucous membrane;
• diseases of the bronchi and lungs.

Bacteriophages are natural means of fighting bacteria that cause inflammation in sore throat. But their greatest privilege is that pregnant women and nursing mothers can get rid of infections without fear for their health, condition and further development of the child.

Structure and work of bacteriophages

Bacteriophages were discovered in 1917. Any bacteriophage has a head and tail with fibrils, somewhat reminiscent of a space structure.

The tail is 3-4 times longer than the size of the head. It contains double-stranded or single-stranded RNA or DNA.

How does reproduction occur? Just like all viruses. Adsorption of the phage on the wall of the bacterium, introduction of its DNA, reproduction of the phage and evacuation of daughter populations from the bacterial cell. That is, the phage attaches to the bacterial cell due to the presence of specific surface receptors for viruses. Up to 300 virus particles can “sit” on 1 cell.

After attachment, the virus breaks down the wall with lysozyme enzymes. At the same time, thanks to certain biochemical reactions, the tail sheath contracts and its shaft is inserted into the cell. The DNA of the virus is injected into the cytoplasm of the bacterium. From this moment on, the genetic apparatus of the bacterium is controlled by the phage DNA. The reproductive cycle of the phage begins. It forms copies of itself, that is, it multiplies. This happens very quickly, literally within 5-7 minutes from the moment of infection. After the release of the phage offspring, the bacterium dies.

Advantages over antibiotics

Bacteriophages from Staphylococcus aureus, like antibiotics, are aimed at combating pathogenic bacteria. This is where the similarities end. Bacteriophage has undeniable advantages over antibiotics.

The advantages of the bacteriophage for Staphylococcus aureus in the intestine are as follows:

• can be prescribed prophylactically;
• has no age restrictions;
• not prohibited for pregnant and lactating women;
• has no side effects or contraindications;
• effective against resistant strains of bacteria;
• can be combined with other drugs;
• does not cause the formation of resistant strains;
• beneficial microflora is not affected;
• does not cause addiction and resistance of staphylococci to the phage;
• strengthens the immune system.

What does staphylococcal bacteriophage treat?

Using this drug, you can treat and prevent purulent inflammation and internal diseases caused by Staphylococcus bacteria in children and adults. The bacteriophage helps with the following infectious diseases:

• surgical type - abscess, suppuration, paraproctitis, boils, burns;
• urological type - cystitis, colpitis, urethritis, etc.;
• respiratory system and diseases of the ENT organs - from otitis media to pneumonia;
• gastrointestinal tract – cholecystitis, dysbacteriosis and gastroinfections;
• newborns - all kinds of inflammatory processes of almost any origin;
• other infections that are not included in the previous list items - septic and other diseases caused by staphylococcus.

The drug can be used both for prophylactic treatment of wounds after operations or immediately after injury with the possibility of infection, and in severe cases with Staphylococcus aureus. In the latter case, the bacteriophage is used as a component of a complex of medications taken by the patient. The effect of taking phages can be increased by early detection of health problems against the background of a pathogenic environment, as well as by determining the behavior of the pathogen when exposed to a drug.

Indications for use

Indications for treatment with bacteriophages for Staphylococcus aureus and other staphylococcal infections:

• MPS infections;
• surgical purulent infections: burns, infected wounds and sepsis, etc.;
• ENT diseases and infections of the respiratory system;
• gastrointestinal infections (from gastritis to colitis and gallbladder pathologies);
• nosocomial infection warning.

Bactriophages have no contraindications or side effects.

Recommendations: how to treat Staphylococcus aureus

The doctor treats a staphylococcal infection, taking into account the form and severity of infection with the disease. For example, people with mild to moderate infection are treated at home, and people with severe infection are subject to mandatory hospitalization for their own safety and the safety of those around them (since staphylococcus is often transmitted by airborne droplets and is dangerous for adults, and especially for children, a baby can even kill staph infections).

Treatment methods for Staphylococcus aureus vary:

• Courses of antibacterial therapy;
• Taking medications that enhance immunity;
• Local treatment of the source of infection (treatment of an open wound, opening and disinfection of the abscess);

Also, according to the indications of the attending physician, surgical treatment of a patient with Staphylococcus aureus is sometimes prescribed. This type of treatment is considered a last resort and is indeed used very rarely.

It is necessary to treat Staphylococcus aureus in a timely manner, since its consequences and complications are very dangerous. Staphylococcus aureus leads, for example, to an exacerbation of chronic respiratory diseases that a person already has, to damage to the digestive tract, to the development or worsening of diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, it is better to treat such a disease as soon as possible.

Instructions for use

The drug bacteriophage for Staphylococcus aureus is available in the form of a transparent yellowish solution. Injected directly into the site of infection. The course lasts on average 5-15 days. For the success of therapy, it is important to identify the sensitivity of bacteria and begin treatment in the early stages. Sometimes this possibility is excluded. Then the doctor can use the combined use of a bacteriophage and an antibiotic.

Self-medication is not applicable in any form. Liquid phage is used locally in the form of lotions, irrigation or tamponing, depending on the size of the affected area.

In ENT practice, a bacteriophage solution for Staphylococcus aureus in the throat is also used for rinsing, irrigation, and in nasal and ear drops. For sore throats, it is used in aerosol form for irrigation.

How to take staphylococcal bacteriophage if Staphylococcus aureus is in the intestines? It is used orally on an empty stomach 3 times a day 2 hours before meals, rectally in the form of enemas once a day. The course of treatment is 7-10 days. If the desired area before the bacteriophage from Staphylococcus aureus has been treated with an antiseptic, it must first be washed with saline solution. The effect of treatment appears already in the first 2 days.

How to treat sinusitis with staphylococcal bacteriophage?

The drug is injected into the site of infection. The frequency of injections and their size are determined by determining the clinical form of the disease, the nature of the infectious focus and standard recommendations. The average duration of treatment is 5-15 days. In cases of relapse, additional courses of treatment are possible.

Liquid phage is allowed to be used topically in the form of lotions, irrigation or tamponing in a volume of up to 200 ml, taking into account the size of the affected area. An ointment is also available for topical use.

It is advisable to carry out therapy of purulent-inflammatory limited lesions both locally and orally for 1-4 weeks.

For purulent-inflammatory lesions of the throat, ear or nose, the drug is used for rinsing, instilling, washing and administering moistened turundas 2-10 ml up to three times a day.

For carbuncles and boils, liquid bacteriophage is injected directly into or around the lesion, 0.5-2 ml daily. In total, up to 5 injections are given per course of treatment.

Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis is carried out by infusion of the drug into the wound immediately after surgical treatment.

In case of abscesses, the bacteriophage is injected into the cavity of the lesion, emptied of pus. When opening an abscess, a tampon moistened with the drug is inserted into the wound.

Treatment of deep pyodermatitis is carried out by making intradermal injections of the drug into one place of 0.1-0.5 ml or into several places in a total dose of up to 2 ml. Administration is carried out every 24 hours, a total of 10 injections.

For administration into the abdominal, pleural, and articular cavities, capillary drainage is used, and up to 100 ml of bacteriophage is injected every other day. There are only 3-4 such introductions.

For cystitis, the drug is injected into the bladder using a catheter.

For purulent bursitis, pleurisy or arthritis, the drug is administered into a cavity previously emptied of pus, 20 ml every other day. The course of treatment is 3-4 administrations.

Also, Staphylococcal bacteriophage is used orally in the form of tablets in the treatment of urogenital infections (cystitis, pyelonephritis, pyelitis, salpingoophoritis, endometritis), intestinal infections and other diseases caused by staphylococcus.

How to use Staphylococcal Bacteriophage for intestinal staphylococcal lesions and intestinal dysbiosis: the drug is used orally on an empty stomach three times a day, 2 hours before meals; The drug is prescribed rectally in the form of suppositories or enemas once a day. Treatment lasts 7-10 days.

For newborn children, the drug is diluted with an equal amount of water in the first 2 doses. It can also be mixed with breast milk.

For sepsis or enterocolitis of newborns, the drug is used by performing high enemas up to three times a day. A combination of rectal and oral use is permitted.

When treating pyoderma, omphalitis, purulent wounds in newborns, the drug is used in the form of applications twice a day and in the form of tablets - 1 piece up to four times a day. The ointment is used locally with bandages of 5-20 grams up to two times a day.

For the prevention of enterocolitis and sepsis in newborns, when there is a risk of developing a hospital infection or intrauterine infection, the drug is used in the form of enemas twice a day for a week.

In aerosol form, Staphylococcal Bacteriophage is used to irrigate affected mucous membranes and skin for purulent-inflammatory lesions, burns, septic wounds and sore throat.

The most justified use of this remedy is in cases of infection with antibiotic-resistant strains.

Such cases have not been studied.

Despite many cases of cure, the therapeutic effect of taking the drug is not guaranteed in all cases. This is evidenced by reviews of Staphylococcal Bacteriophage. This feature is more often detected when the product is used for newborns and young children.

The effectiveness of the drug may vary depending on the sensitivity of the particular strain to the phage and other factors that should be determined before starting treatment.

In some situations, parents prematurely stop the course of treatment for their infant, frightened by the supposedly worsening symptoms of the disease, and then report that the drug did not work on the child. In any case, before deciding to undergo therapy with this medicine, and during treatment, you should be observed by your doctor and clarify all unclear questions with him.

In Ukraine, the price of the drug Staphylococcal Bacteriophage liquid 100 ml produced (Kiev) averages 318 hryvnia.

In Russia, the price of staphylococcal and polyvalent Pyobacteriophage liquid bacteriophage in standard packaging of 20 ml No. 4 is almost the same and amounts to 710-960 rubles.

Buying a staphylococcal bacteriophage in Moscow (manufactured by NPO Microgen, Nizhny Novgorod) will cost 850-1200 rubles per 100 ml bottle.

Such drugs are almost never found in tablet or suppository forms in pharmacies.

• Online pharmacies in RussiaRussia

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• Bacteriophage staphylococcal liquid 20ml n4FGUP Microgen NPO FSUE

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• Staphylococcal bacteriophage (20ml bottle No. 4)
• Staphylococcal bacteriophage (100ml bottle)

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• Staphylococcal bacteriophage 20 ml. No. 4 Federal State Unitary Enterprise "NPO Microgen" Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation branch

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Correct behavior when opening a bottle

Before opening the bottle you should:

• wash your hands thoroughly;
• Before removing, treat the cap with alcohol, but do not remove the plug;
• pierce the plug only with a sterile needle and draw the drug only with a sterile syringe;
• The liquid should be used immediately, but the solution should not be poured anywhere.

Also, do not mix the bottle with other liquids.

If the cork is still removed, do not place its inner surface on the table. The opened bottle should be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of 2 to 10 °C.

The average price in pharmacies is around 750 rubles. After the expiration date, the drug should not be used, even if it retains its transparency.

Features of use

Considering that staphylococcal bacteriophage is a breeding ground for the proliferation of microorganisms, some precautions should be taken when using it. It was stated above that a solution with sediment or cloudiness should not be used. But to prevent this sediment from occurring, it is necessary to minimize the contact of the medicine with the air, and the bottle with dirty surfaces.

All manipulations with the container should be carried out with washed hands, wipe the bottle with a cotton swab soaked in alcohol, and take the drug with a syringe through a puncture in the stopper, which should be immediately covered with an outer cap. An opened container of medicine should only be stored in the refrigerator.

What is used today

To date, popular polyvalent staphylococcal bacteriophages from Staphylococcus aureus (“Sextaphage”) have been synthesized, which are capable of destroying not only staphylococci, but also streptococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, pathogenic intestinal bacteria that provoke ENT diseases, surgical infections, urogenital, and septic conditions. It is also called pyobacteriophage.

The composition of "Intesti-bacteriophage" includes a mixture of phagolysates from pathogens of dysentery, E. coli, Salmonella, Proteus, staphylococci and enterococci. “Intesti-bacteriophage” for Staphylococcus aureus is prescribed to patients with bacterial dysentery, salmonellosis, colitis, dyspepsia, dysbiosis, enterocolitis.

Another combined product is the Russian gel “Otofag”, produced since 2012. Also contains a cocktail of phages, especially good for ENT diseases. But it is not used for rinsing the sinuses.

When should phages be used?

In such cases, treatment of the disease caused by staphylococcal lesions is entrusted to bacteriophages from Staphylococcus aureus.

To successfully prevent and treat the disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus in adults and children, bacteriophages are used in the following situations:

1. When it is necessary to treat ailments of the ear, nose, throat, respiratory canals and lung structure. These are such ailments - various inflammatory processes, pharyngitis, sore throat, tracheitis. This group also includes pneumonia, laryngitis, bronchitis, and pleurisy.
2. When combating staphylococcal infection during and after surgical operations. This could be wound suppuration, abscess, mastitis, bursitis and other similar ailments.
3. When eliminating the symptoms of urogenital infections - cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis, etc.
4. During recovery from gastroenteritis or cholecystitis, or during the elimination of dysbiosis in the intestines.
5. For generalized diseases of a septic nature.
6. During the elimination of the consequences of purulent-inflammatory diseases in infants, for example, with sepsis, omphalitis, conjunctivitis, etc.
7. For other diseases that manifested themselves in the patient under the influence of Staphylococcus aureus.

If the disease is severe, then bacteriophages are used as part of complex therapy. As a preventive measure, phages are used to treat fresh, recently infected wounds or during postoperative treatment. They can be used to eliminate infection inside a hospital during an epidemic.

The main condition for the successful use of bacteriophages is to determine the sensitivity of the pathogen to a particular phage.

Reviews

Reviews of staphylococcal bacteriophage in Staphylococcus aureus are overwhelmingly positive. Patients confirm the high effectiveness of the drug in fighting infection and its safety compared to antibiotics.

However, there are also some negative reviews. But this is most likely due to the mistakes of the patients themselves during therapy.

Sometimes parents, frightened by the word virus, stop treatment themselves because it seems to them that the symptoms have suddenly intensified. Mothers of infants do this especially often, and then complain that nothing helped. Hence the false opinions about the ineffectiveness of treatment. The disadvantages include the high cost of the drug.

Reviews of the staphylococcal bacteriophage in Staphylococcus aureus are enthusiastic; some patients say that for the first time in many years they felt like human beings and were able to enjoy the previously prohibited delights of life. For example, we tried ice cream.

Dangerous enemy of ENT infections

Hot tea with honey and lemon is not always able to overcome serious diseases.

It turned out that the majority of respondents, starting to experience a headache, body aches, cough, sore throat, nasal congestion and other symptoms of an ENT disease, are in no hurry to see a doctor, but prefer to treat themselves. Moreover, many use not only folk remedies like lemon, garlic and honey, but also immediately start taking antibiotics, as they are afraid of complications. And only a small percentage of respondents are familiar with drugs such as bacteriophages. Meanwhile, they are considered dangerous enemies of pathogenic bacteria! Let's get to know them better.

BACTERIOPHAGES – who are they?

These natural antibacterial agents successfully dealt with serious diseases at the very beginning of the twentieth century, before the discovery of antibiotics. With the advent of the latter, research on bacteriophages has faded into the shadows. But, as it turned out, only to wait for their finest hour and come to the rescue of humanity at the right moment - when the world was faced with the problem of bacteria quickly becoming accustomed to the effects of antibiotics, and the usual quick-response drugs became increasingly difficult to find. People are concerned with the pressing question: how to treat complications of ENT infections effectively and safely for health? And then old friends came to the rescue - bacteriophages.

The mechanism of operation of these natural enemies of bacteria is simple. Once they enter the human body, they always act according to the same pattern: they find a hostile bacterium, destroy it and again “go hunting”. As the bacterial population decreases, the number of bacteriophages increases as they actively multiply. After the bacteria are defeated, these natural human defenders are completely eliminated from the body, without exerting any outside influence on it.

As a result, drugs based on bacteriophages successfully and without dangerous consequences for human health cope with such serious diseases as bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia, purulent inflammation of the ear, sinusitis... And even more than that - bacteriophages help increase the immune response, destroying pathogens and reducing the load for the entire body as a whole.

Who are they suitable for?

Since bacteriophages act only on bacteria, they have no side effects or contraindications. Anyone can take such drugs without exception, including pregnant women, children, including newborn babies, and the elderly. Moreover, it is especially valuable for those who, for various reasons, are forced to take many medications, that bacteriophages have not revealed any negative interactions with other medications. On the contrary, the influence of some of them in combination with these natural agents is even enhanced!

Taking bacteriophages can help avoid a number of serious complications in ENT diseases. Moreover, if there is a complex of unpleasant symptoms, the best option would be a polyvalent drug that contains several bacteriophages.

For example, “Sextaphage”, which is produced by the Russian Microgen of the Russian Ministry of Health, contains six active components. The bacteriophages included in its composition fight against ENT infections, as well as infections of the gastrointestinal tract, skin, and urinary tract. Taking the drug "Sextaphage" prevents purulent-inflammatory diseases of the ear, throat, nose, and respiratory tract due to the content of bacteriophages to the six main pathogens that cause ENT pathology.

How to use?

In most cases, bacteriophage drugs are prescribed for oral administration. But also, in particular, to treat diseases of the ENT organs and prevent the development of pathologies, you can instill a bacteriophage into the nose, rinse, rinse and irrigate the tonsils with it, make turundas with a medicinal solution, and inject the drug into the ear cavity.

The wide spectrum of action of the drug helps to provide complete bacterial protection. And if bacteriophages, having entered the body, do not find “their” bacteria there, then they will simply be eliminated from the body without causing any harm to it.

More information about Bacteriophages can be found by calling the “Winter without Infection” hotline: 8 and on the website www.bacteriofag.ru

Specialist consultation is required.

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