Bleeding from the nose with a runny nose. Why does it happen and how to stop it?

Children and adolescents often experience nosebleeds, and this ailment can be associated with various problems. The reason may lie in the structural features of the nasal sinuses, or in the functioning of the immune system. In some cases, nosebleeds occur due to hormonal changes. Below we will look at the reasons why a child has a nosebleed, and also find out Dr. Komarovsky’s opinion on this matter.

Most parents, when they see blood from their child’s nose, are very scared, while others do not see it as a danger at all.

Both reactions are incorrect; there is no need to panic, but remember that bleeding is always a sign of a problem that needs to be identified and eliminated.

Below we will describe the most common causes of nosebleeds, and also tell you what parents should do in this situation.

The main causes of frequent nosebleeds in a child

Blood can come from the anterior and posterior sections of the nose, or from other organs connected to the nose (stomach, esophagus).
Why does a child often bleed from the nose? Doctors identify the following as the most common causes of nosebleeds in children:

viral and bacterial diseases;
nasal injuries;
frequent use of drugs that constrict blood vessels;
frequent tamponade;
various nasal diseases (acquired or inherited);
anatomical features;
hot and dry air;
benign and malignant formations in the nasal cavity;
hormonal background;
diseases of other organs and systems;
external influence;
severe overvoltage;
increased blood pressure;
the appearance of bleeding from other organs, for example, from the digestive system or stomach.

As we can see, some causes of bleeding are quite serious, after which you should definitely show your baby to the doctor.

Bleeding from the nose with a runny nose. What do we have to do?

Almost every person is familiar with the phenomenon of nosebleeds. Many people encounter this all the time, either with their relatives or themselves. The causes of nosebleeds are very diverse, because this symptom in most cases accompanies all kinds of diseases. Only in one situation, with mechanical damage to the nasal mucosa, can it be regarded as an independent pathology.

From the variety of causes and provoking factors, rhinitis, or runny nose, can be distinguished. Nosebleeds with a runny nose are a common symptom, and different forms of rhinitis are associated with it with varying frequencies.

Why does the nose bleed when you have a runny nose?

There are several explanations for the reasons for the appearance of blood in nasal discharge. This explains the pathogenesis of the disease, that is, the mechanism of disease development. All situations that combine a runny nose and nosebleeds can be divided into groups:

runny nose due to influenza and other respiratory diseases of the upper respiratory tract;
drug-induced runny nose;
chronic rhinitis with hypotrophy or atrophy of the mucous membrane;
combination of rhinitis with some concomitant diseases.

In ENT practice, rhinitis of infectious origin is most often diagnosed, which occurs when exposed to viral-bacterial flora in various acute respiratory infections.

In response to the introduction of microorganisms into the epithelium of the nasal mucosa, as well as under the influence of their toxins, the smallest vessels and capillaries begin to expand.

Their walls become thinner, and through them the elements of blood plasma enter the intercellular space of the mucous membrane.

It swells, that is, it increases in volume, thickens and loosens, and becomes very fragile and vulnerable.

It is the thinning of the blood vessels, the inability of tissues to resist the destructive influence of microflora and the inflammatory process, as well as the slightest tension of the patient when blowing his nose and the resulting increase in pressure in the capillaries that lead to the rupture of thin and loose vascular walls.

That is why, when you have a runny nose, your nose bleeds, and it can be either very slight bleeding or significant bleeding, in a trickle and flowing through the nasopharynx into the oral cavity.

Another reason for the vulnerability of the mucous membrane and the occurrence of bleeding is the development of a runny nose of drug origin.

This disease is a consequence of illiterate or excessively independent treatment of infectious rhinitis for common colds.

Improper use of vasoconstrictors, unreasonably large doses or a very long treatment course cause the capillaries to be constantly in a state of spasm.

As a result, the mucous membrane does not receive enough moisture and nutrients, “dries out” and bleeds easily even with slight exposure.

A similar mechanism is observed in chronic hypotrophic or atrophic rhinitis. With this disease, the layer of epithelium becomes thinner, all its functions change, the vessels become brittle and collapse.

The capillaries bleed almost constantly, forming purulent-bloody or pure blood crusts on the surface of the mucosa. When they are roughly removed, the bleeding intensifies. The likelihood of nosebleeds increases significantly if a runny nose occurs against the background of concomitant diseases. These are hypertension, diabetes mellitus, blood diseases with impaired coagulation, and the presence of tumors in the nasal cavity.

The rupture of capillaries can also be facilitated by medications used in the treatment of these diseases.

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Clinical picture of nosebleeds

The clinical picture of bleeding from the nasal cavity due to rhinitis consists of the following symptoms:

the appearance of slight or heavy discharge of blood from the nasal passages (from one or both);
simultaneous presence of symptoms of rhinitis: mucopurulent or purulent nasal discharge, congestion, difficulty breathing through the nose, decreased sense of smell;
the presence of symptoms of intoxication of the body: malaise, weakness, headache, decreased appetite, possible increase in body temperature.

What to do if the bleeding is very profuse, does not stop for a long time, blood flows down the back wall of the throat and is swallowed with the appearance of bloody vomiting?

You need to urgently call an ambulance or go to the hospital yourself.

Diagnosis of nosebleeds is very simple. It is based on the patient’s complaints and a clear clinical picture. Examination of the nasal cavity using a rhinoscope confirms the presence of fresh scarlet blood or clots in the anterior sections, traces of blood on the back wall of the pharynx. At the same time, the ENT doctor also notes signs characteristic of a certain form of runny nose: the condition of the mucous membrane, the absence or presence of mucopurulent discharge.

In preschool age, it is often necessary to differentiate between bleeding in a child with a runny nose and the appearance of blood when a foreign body enters the nasal passage.

Constant mechanical impact of any small object on the mucous membrane can also cause the appearance of bloody discharge.

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How to stop nosebleeds when you have a runny nose?

Every person should know how to stop nosebleeds quickly and correctly. This can come in handy at any time, and the ability to provide first aid will come in handy. But you should know that in some cases it is necessary to first call emergency medical help and only then try to stop the bleeding yourself. These situations are as follows:

profuse bleeding, when blood flows in a stream or a person literally chokes on blood;
even small discharge does not stop for 15-20 minutes;
the appearance of a pre-fainting state or the development of fainting;
when it is reliably known that a person has severe concomitant diseases.

If the bleeding began against the background of a runny nose, is minor and the patient does not suffer from hypertension or blood diseases, then stopping it will not be difficult.

First, the person is seated on a chair (the child should be picked up) so that the head is higher than the body, that is, the victim cannot be laid down. Tilt your head slightly so that the blood flows out and not into the oropharynx and then swallowed.

Next, you need to insert cotton swabs or turundas soaked in a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution into the nasal passages. If it is not at hand, then you can use any vasoconstrictor solution, that is, a nasal agent that narrows the capillaries. These are Naphthyzin, Galazolin, Xylene, Rinostop and other similar drugs. After introducing the tampons with the medicine, you need to slightly press the wing of the nose to its back, this will help to further compress the burst vessels.

Next, apply cold to the nose and forehead for 20 minutes. To do this, you can use ice placed in a plastic bag or a heating pad filled with cold water. If you don’t have any of this at hand, then you can take any frozen food product from the freezer and, wrap it in a towel, use it as a remedy.

Many people cannot bear the sight of blood, even their own, and faint. You can help them with cotton swabs soaked in ammonia, as well as with a light tap on the cheeks, which has a reflex effect.

There are other ways to stop nosebleeds when you have a runny nose. You can dilute 1 teaspoon of table vinegar (not acetic acid) in a glass of water, then draw in this solution with your nose as much as you can, and hold it in the nasal cavity for 3 minutes, squeezing the wings of the nose with your fingers. Do not tilt your head back so that the vinegar does not enter the oropharynx.

If the bleeding occurred in warm weather and it is possible to pick fresh yarrow leaves, then you can use this plant, the juice of which effectively stops the bleeding. The leaves are quickly rubbed with your fingers until the juice is released, then this mass is placed in the nostrils. The blood stops flowing literally after 1-2 minutes.

The main condition for quickly stopping bleeding with a runny nose is not to panic, consistently carry out all stages of care and carefully monitor the patient. If alarming symptoms appear, you should definitely call an ambulance.

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In what cases should you call a doctor?

You should contact a specialist in the following cases:

Before the baby started bleeding, he fell hard or hit his head or nose;
after 15–20 minutes, during which you pinched the child’s nose, the blood did not stop flowing;
against the background of nosebleeds, the baby experiences severe paleness and loss of consciousness;
blood came out of both nostrils at the same time. Often, when blood vessels are damaged, bleeding is observed from one nostril, and this problem in most cases resolves on its own. If a vessel located in the back of the nose is damaged, blood can come from both nostrils. This can happen for several reasons - injury, too high blood pressure, etc. In this case, it is recommended to immediately seek medical help.

If a child’s nose bleeds often enough, you can cauterize his blood vessels; this procedure is quite simple and practically painless.

A child has a runny nose with blood - what to do?

All parents are scared if their child has a runny nose with blood. Under no circumstances should you ignore this, but you shouldn’t panic right away. This phenomenon is considered common among children, and can be found often.

The baby can quickly catch a runny nose, since the child spends a lot of time outside among his peers and is constantly moving, so it is almost impossible to protect him from drafts.

It is even more difficult to prevent infection from entering the body when communicating with other children. Because of this, snot in a baby is considered normal.

Therefore, the main task of parents is to help their child cope with the disease faster and easier.

Main factors

Parents of young children are advised to monitor the behavior of the young patient. Perhaps the child likes to stick foreign objects into his nose: pencils, pens, small toys or his own fingers. Sharp and hard accessories damage the thin mucous membrane and the anterior section of the nose, where most of the capillaries are located.

Bleeding in infants occurs due to too dry air. If parents constantly turn on additional heating sources and do not place humidifiers or bowls of water near the baby's crib, the nasal mucosa loses moisture. Capillaries become brittle. When a child screams, coughs or sneezes, the thinned walls burst.

In children between 2 and 10 years of age, nosebleeds can be caused by excessive physical or mental stress. For example, when parents force you to go to sports clubs, visit tutors and bring only A’s from school. Due to constant stressful situations, a child develops problems with blood pressure. It rises or falls sharply, so the capillaries of the nose cannot stand it, and bleeding occurs.

In adolescents, similar symptoms are observed due to hormonal changes. Often, spotting is accompanied by dizziness, tinnitus and rapid heartbeat. Some patients experience migraines. Girls suffer more from nosebleeds. Boys' bodies develop more slowly, so their bodies have time to adapt to hormonal changes.

If nasal discharge is intense and profuse, lasts more than 15 minutes, and is accompanied by loss of consciousness or vomiting, parents should sound the alarm. Suspicious symptoms may indicate serious pathologies:

staphylococcal rhinitis;
deviated nasal septum;
brain injuries and concussions;
cysts or polyps;
genetic abnormalities of blood vessels;
malignant tumors in the nasal cavity or brain;
diabetes;
poor blood clotting;
hepatitis and other liver diseases;
inflammatory processes in the mucous membrane;
hemorrhagic disease;
hemophilia.

The most harmless factor that causes nosebleeds is a lack of ascorbic acid, calcium or vitamin K. But you can find out about the real reasons only after consulting a doctor and a thorough examination. Until the child is correctly diagnosed, parents are advised not to self-medicate, because incorrect medications and folk remedies will only worsen the health of the young patient.

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Remember other cases when you can’t even try to do something on your own and stop bleeding at home:
1) Very heavy bleeding, which threatens serious blood loss;
2) Nose injury;
3) Head injury, when blood flows from the nose in pink color (with an admixture of clear fluid). In this case, doctors may talk about a fracture of the base of the skull;
4) Diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure;
5) The child fainted or lost consciousness;
6) Poor blood clotting (hemophilia). This also includes cases where bleeding occurred while taking drugs that slow down clotting (indomethacin, aspirin, ibuprofen, heparin);
7) Bloody vomiting (suspicion of gastric bleeding), blood with foam (possibly of pulmonary origin).

Bleeding from the nose with a runny nose: causes and treatment methods

How to deal with nosebleeds during a runny nose

Bleeding from the nose during a runny nose does not always indicate serious illness; more often, the cause of its appearance is the rupture of one of the small vessels.

The nasal mucosa is literally permeated with a network of tiny vessels located on the surface that are needed to warm the air before it enters the lungs. Frequent nosebleeds indicate fragility of the capillary wall, which may be caused by blood diseases, but if blood appears only when you have a runny nose, you should not panic.

Causes of nosebleeds during a runny nose

Snot with blood is not a separate disease; its appearance can be caused by a number of different factors:

damage to blood vessels due to a careless, strong attempt to blow your nose;
poor functioning of the immune system against the background of a long-term cold or the development of vitamin deficiency;
too dry and warm air in the room where a person spends a long time;
minor injury to the nasal mucosa;
changes in hormonal levels during adolescence, during pregnancy, during menopause;
acute respiratory viral diseases, which lead to a sharp thinning of the nasal mucosa and increased capillary fragility;
increased intracranial pressure is a pathology that requires immediate medical attention;
excessive use of nasal drops with a vasoconstrictor effect, which also causes thinning of the mucosa over time;
vascular spasms that develop with increased physical activity, climate change and sudden changes in ambient temperature;
the presence of neurocirculatory dystonia, the symptoms of which are constant tinnitus, dizziness and periodic nosebleeds.

Features of a runny nose with blood in various pathologies

Snot mixed with blood may differ in appearance; therefore, by paying attention to the peculiarities of the course of a runny nose, you can determine what reason caused the appearance of such a symptom.

What can color say?

If at the beginning of the disease the nasal discharge is transparent, and later becomes thick, greenish and contains clearly visible inclusions of blood, this indicates that the cause of the disease is a bacterial infection (staphylococcal, meningococcal). If the symptoms of the disease increase, you need to contact an ENT specialist.

Snot with blood acquires a yellow tint during an acute inflammatory process localized in the upper respiratory tract. It causes increased capillary fragility. If such a runny nose appears in a child, then it is necessary to urgently show him to a doctor, and hospitalization may be necessary.

Thick, purulent nasal discharge interspersed with blood indicates an allergic reaction to various substances from chemical agents to dust. An allergist can help solve this problem by determining which allergen causes sensitization in the body and prescribing antihistamines.

If snot with blood appears in adults or children in the morning, then its cause is physiological factors (too dry or cold air, minor injuries to the mucous membrane, and so on).

What symptoms require immediate contact with a specialist?

It is necessary to go to the doctor or even call an ambulance if:

nosebleeds began suddenly, lasted more than half an hour and did not stop at home;
snot with blood appeared in a child aged 1 month to 3 years;
the nosebleed was caused by a head injury;
a runny nose with blood developed when the body temperature increased above 39 degrees;
snot with blood appeared a long time ago and is accompanied by allergic manifestations (rash or itching).

Treatment methods for runny nose with blood

In cases where snot is caused by physiological reasons, the following actions can help cope with them:

Regular ventilation and wet cleaning of the room in which a person spends a long time;
You can install a humidifier or air ionizer in the room;
Physical activity for a person suffering from such a manifestation should be of moderate severity;
Before going outside in winter, you can treat the nasal mucosa with Vaseline or another substance that protects it from exposure to cold air;
Rinse your nose with decoctions of medicinal plants (plantain, chamomile flowers, calendula) or liquids with a wound-healing effect;
To strengthen the vascular wall, instead of tea, you can drink a decoction of nettle or rose hips.

If the cause of the appearance of blood in the nasal discharge is an inflammatory process, it is necessary to consult a doctor to determine an accurate diagnosis and select adequate therapy.

If blood appears from the nose during a runny nose in children, you should not take risks and try to independently determine and eliminate the cause of this phenomenon; it is better to immediately contact an otolaryngologist.

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How to stop bleeding in a child

First of all, you should not panic, so as not to frighten the baby himself, because this will only make things worse. Remember that the very fact of nosebleeds scares him, so behave as calmly as possible and try to calm down.

Now let's look at how to stop a child's nosebleeds. So, if the situation is serious, you should first call a doctor and place the child on the bed in a horizontal position.

If it is impossible to lay him down, sit him down and tilt his head back slightly, then insert nasal swabs into both nostrils. Doctors categorically do not recommend throwing your head back without them, since this will allow blood to flow into the baby’s mouth, or even into the esophagus.

Then place something cold on the bridge of your nose, such as ice packs wrapped in cloth or a towel soaked in cold water.

Upon arrival of the doctor, he can perform the following emergency care:

Coagulation. The doctor will first cauterize the vessel from which blood is oozing. This action is carried out through the use of a laser, chemically (silver nitrate), or using ultrasound, all kinds of acids or current;
Tamponade. A cotton swab is soaked in vagotil or chloroacetic acid and then it is used to cauterize the nasal membrane;
Hemostatic sponge. This device, containing special substances, is placed in the nasal cavity, which enhances blood clotting;
Plasma transfusion. This scenario is possible only if, even after using the above methods, the blood does not stop flowing;
Administration of drugs intravenously. Another extreme case, when it is not possible to stop the bleeding, is to inject aminocaproic acid, hemodez or rheopolyglucin through a vein.

Should I worry?

Very often, worries about blood from a child’s nose are not justified.

In winter, when heating appliances in the apartment are constantly on, and the number of cases of acute respiratory infections is constantly growing, nosebleeds in children are quite common.

After all, the vessels of the child’s nasal mucosa are quite fragile by nature and react by opening bleeding to almost any irritant.

Doctors note that such problems, even if they regularly appear at an early age, disappear by the beginning of adolescence. However, seeing blood from a child’s nose is still worth worrying about.

How to deal with nosebleeds during a runny nose

Bleeding from the nose during a runny nose does not always indicate serious illness; more often, the cause of its appearance is the rupture of one of the small vessels.

Medical assistance

in case of unsuccessful attempts to provide independent assistance (the child’s nose does not stop bleeding for 20 minutes);
for head injuries that occurred before the appearance of blood;
with hemorrhage accompanied by vomiting and discharge of pus;
with bleeding that looks like a “fountain”;
in cases of fainting.
if shortly before bleeding the child fell.

electric current;
laser;
ultrasound;
liquid nitrogen;
silver nitrate.

control the diet, enrich it with natural products containing vitamins, minerals, beneficial acids;
strengthen blood vessels with Ascorutin, Prophylactic S, Immunovit C;
monitor a sufficient level of air humidity (optimally - about 50-70%);
regularly carry out wet cleaning without aggressive detergents;
exclude independent choice of medications for the treatment of runny nose and other diseases;
strengthen the child's immunity;
practice hardening, moderate exercise.

It is useful to moisten the nasal passages with saline solutions, especially when the risk of catching a cold or flu is high. It is also necessary to teach children the skills of proper self-hygienic care, blowing their nose using an individual handkerchief.

You can use vasoconstrictors (Naphthyzin, Nazivin, Xylometazoline, Otrivin 0.1%), then pinch the nostrils with your fingers. The dosage should be determined taking into account age. The standard is one or two drops. It is important to refrain from coughing and sneezing. Sneezing causes increased hemorrhage. Also, don't rub your nose.

A good folk remedy for nosebleeds is the introduction of a gauze swab or a cotton ball. To do this, apply a few drops of a 1.5% hydrogen peroxide solution to them. However, at home it is unlikely to achieve complete sterility, which increases the risk of infection and damage to the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity when using this method.

If the bleeding has stopped, it is recommended to rinse the mouth with cold water, then provide the child with rest for 1-2 hours. It is advisable to lubricate the nasal mucosa twice daily with Neomycin, Bacitracin, and Vaseline. This is necessary to prevent it from drying out, speed up healing, and reduce the risk of relapse.

If the air in the apartment is not sufficiently humidified, you can instill a preparation containing sea water (Salin, Aquamaris) into the nose. Such medicines can be used for the noses of adolescents and infants. If possible, it is recommended to purchase a humidifier. After the nosebleed has passed, you should refrain from eating hot foods, drinks, or exercising for some time. This is necessary to prevent a sharp flow of blood to the child’s head, as well as its repeated release.

Nose bleed

Nosebleeds are the most common type of bleeding without injury.

The tendency to nosebleeds is often determined by the individual anatomical characteristics of the mucous membranes, in particular the number and diameter of vessels, and the depth of their location.

Nosebleeds can be a consequence of minor damage to the mucous membrane of the nasal passages (for example, drying out), or a manifestation of serious diseases of the internal organs, accompanied by vascular damage and disorders of the blood coagulation system.

It is important to know that nosebleeds are possible from both the anterior and posterior parts of the nose. The vast majority of nosebleeds in childhood are bleeding from the anterior sections of the nose, which occur due to damage to a vessel located on the nasal septum.

Bleeding from the back of the nose in childhood is relatively rare, but always dangerous.

The most convenient symptom that allows parents to distinguish anterior nosebleeds from posterior ones:

anterior nosebleeds are almost always from one nostril;
posterior nosebleeds are almost always from both nostrils.

Frequently recurring nosebleeds are a clear reason for a routine examination and examination by a doctor.

Seek medical help should not be delayed if:

bleeding does not stop within 20 minutes (subject to following the recommendations below);
simultaneously with the nosebleed, other bleeding occurred (from the ear, urethra, etc.);
there is bleeding from both nostrils.

Urgent Care:

sit the child down, tilt your shoulders slightly forward;

press your nose with your fingers at the point shown in the figure and do not stop pressing for 10 minutes;

place cold on the bridge of your nose;
rinse your mouth with cold water;
if bleeding has not stopped after 10 minutes, press your nose for another 10 minutes;
Bleeding that continues after pressing the nose again for 10 minutes requires immediate medical attention.

If there is a nosebleed, you must try very hard to ensure that the child:

didn't move;
did not tell;
didn't cough;
didn't blow his nose;
didn't pick his nose;
didn't swallow blood.

During nosebleeds and 1-2 hours after it, it is advisable for the child to breathe through the mouth. It is highly advisable to avoid physical activity for 3-4 hours after a nosebleed.

Prevention. Nosebleeds.

Preventing the mucous membrane of the nasal passages from drying out: clean, cool, moist air (especially in the bedroom). The optimal temperature is 18-20 C, relative humidity is 50-70%.
Moisturizing the nasal passages with saline solutions (saline, for example) - both preventively and during acute respiratory infections.
Teach children proper nose hygiene (handkerchief, but not nose picking).
Repeated nosebleeds can be caused by straining during difficult bowel movements: discuss with your doctor the possibility of using laxatives.

(This publication is a fragment of the book by E. O. Komarovsky “Handbook of Sensible Parents. Part 2. Emergency Care” adapted to the format of the article.)

Symptoms and types of epistakis

Heavy bleeding may be accompanied by the following symptoms:

increased heart rate;
decreased blood pressure;
paleness of the skin;
loss of strength.

Most often, the blood flows in a small flow, which leads to a small loss. However, the child may sometimes feel dizzy and have a headache. Semi-fainting states are common. Such phenomena are more likely associated with fear and panic. Often the discharge goes down to the throat, then to the stomach, causing the development of a gag reflex.

There are two types of nosebleeds - anterior and internal. In the first case, bleeding is observed in 80% of children prone to epistaxis and is benign. Elimination of this type of pathology is easy to perform, even without special medical knowledge.

The second type of bleeding often requires qualified medical care and can become a reason for hospitalization. Also dangerous is the appearance of streams of bloody fluid at night, which can fill the airways and then cause a debilitating cough.

An infant or one-year-old child, unable to talk about his condition, wakes up his parents with frightened crying. After such a situation, you need to call a doctor at home in the morning.

With thrombocytopenia, the temperature may rise, and in addition to the nose, blood may appear on the teeth. With such symptoms, children often feel frightened and begin to cry at night.

The baby is bleeding from the nose: advice from Dr. Komarovsky

If a child starts bleeding from the nose, Komarovsky advises taking the following actions:

Sit your child down with his body tilted forward. Its head should be positioned straight or slightly tilted forward;
Pinch the victim’s nostrils with your fingers and hold for 8–10 minutes. Both the mother and the child can squeeze their nose. During this period, ask him to breathe through his mouth;
The famous doctor claims that the main factor influencing the rate of blood discharge from the nose is the diameter of the damaged vessel. In addition, the speed and duration of bleeding depends on the coagulability of the blood system and the use of certain medications. A large percentage of nosebleeds stop after 5–10 minutes;
To speed up the stop of bleeding, Dr. Komarovsky advises using cold (in this case, you need to ask the baby to pinch his own nose while the mother prepares a cold compress). Use ice, wrap it in a towel, and place it on the bridge of your child's nose. In addition, give your baby ice cream or a cold drink with a straw, this will allow the cold in the mouth to help stop nosebleeds faster.

Also, during the ten-minute wait until the bleeding stops, the famous doctor Komarovsky advises doing something to distract the baby by turning on a cartoon or telling him an interesting story.

Child's nose bleeds at night

This situation occurs quite often; parents often complain to pediatricians that the child’s nose begins to bleed during night sleep.

If you have allergies, your nose may bleed at night

There are several reasons why this happens:

increased sensitivity of blood vessels in the nose, this leads to the fact that even a slight impact on the nasal area can lead to rupture of blood vessels and bleeding;
infectious diseases may well cause bleeding from the nose, as they affect the mucous membrane and make it more vulnerable, which causes the vessels to burst;
an allergic reaction provokes nosebleeds at night, blood vessels can burst due to severe inflammation and swelling;
increased pressure during sleep may well lead to minor nosebleeds, as small capillaries burst;
a lack of essential vitamin C negatively affects the functioning of the body, and can ultimately lead to vascular weakness and thinning of the mucous membrane;
bleeding may occur due to a foreign object that is stuck in the nasal passage;
during sports activities or simply physical fatigue, the child bleeds during sleep;
If parents often use drops to constrict blood vessels, the child may experience bleeding during night sleep.

Most often, bleeding occurs from the front of the nose, but there are cases when the blood comes from the back of the nasopharynx. It is the second option of bleeding that is the most dangerous, since stopping it can be problematic.

The child shows signs of weakness

The main symptom here will be the discharge of blood from one or two nostrils at once, but sometimes blood can flow through the nasopharynx into the stomach.

The child may additionally complain about:

general weakness of the body;
itching in the sinuses;
noise in ears;
tickling sensation in the nasopharynx;
dizziness and headaches occur.

In this case, these symptoms may not appear at all; in some cases, the child simply experiences bleeding, without additional signs.

But depending on the degree of bleeding, symptoms can develop and be supplemented.

Mild degree is characterized by:

slight bleeding;
bleeding stops quickly;
the child becomes dizzy;
the skin becomes pale;
You may feel dry mouth;
tinnitus appears;
heartbeat accelerates.

The average severity of bleeding differs:

copious discharge of blood from the nose;
severe dizziness and weakness;
in some cases, blue discoloration of the skin occurs;
tachycardia is often observed;
there is shortness of breath;
blood pressure decreases.

Severe bleeding varies:

a sharp drop in blood pressure;
decreased heart rate;
profuse bleeding from the nose;
inhibition of reactions.

Common causes of bleeding

If blood from the nasal cavity appears unexpectedly in a child, it is necessary to find out the cause. Bloody discharge can be caused by overheating, fatigue, or more serious factors, which can only be determined by a specialized doctor.

Keep in mind that nosebleeds are not uncommon in children between two and ten years of age, so there is no need to worry or panic.

But it is necessary to pay attention to this sign, since such a symptom does not always arise due to anatomical features.

Sometimes the reason lies in a serious disease of the human organs.

The most common causes of nosebleeds are:

traumatization of the nasal passages;
severe overheating;
fatigue and overwork;
active sports;
injury to blood vessels in the nasal cavity as a result of playing with foreign objects;
weak vascular structure;
excessive dry air in the living room;
heatwave;
lack of vitamins;
close localization of blood vessels to the surface;
penetration of a viral infection into the body.

It should be noted that at the age of one year, nosebleeds are unnatural. Therefore, if bleeding occurs in an infant, immediate action must be taken. Most often, bleeding is characteristic of children from two to four years old.

Due to the baby's excessive mobility, active games and other reasons, they often injure the nasal passages. In addition, the cause of inflammation can be a virus picked up in kindergarten or the habit of picking your nose.

In what cases should you consult a doctor?

The nasal mucosa performs a number of important functions: it protects against viruses and bacteria, and also warms the air. If it is damaged, the protective function is weakened.

Snot with blood in newborns definitely requires a visit to the pediatrician. Children of this age are very susceptible to any medical means, so it is better to entrust the choice of nasal drops to a specialist. Blood during a runny nose in infants is most likely due to the fragility and fragility of the capillaries. In this case, the combination drug Ascorutin is prescribed. It contains ascorbic acid and rutin, the action of which is aimed at strengthening blood vessels.

If you notice that your child has a runny nose with blood, or the color of the snot has turned green, yellow or brown, you need to visit a doctor. This kind of mucus occurs when the sinuses are inflamed. This is no longer an ordinary runny nose, but a complication of it. Perhaps the baby has already developed sinusitis or frontal sinusitis. The disease is accompanied by headache and high fever. Treatment includes the use of antibiotics, which must be prescribed by the attending physician.

Seeing a doctor is also necessary if blood is constantly noticed during a runny nose, or if purulent discharge is detected in the snot. Pay attention to how the child reacts when he sees blood in his snot. If the baby is scared, you need to calm him down as quickly as possible, since strong crying provokes more severe bleeding.

What should you not do if your baby has a nosebleed?

In order not to aggravate the situation when a child has a nosebleed, parents are strictly prohibited from doing the following:

do not throw the child’s head back - this will cause blood to flow into the throat, and then into the esophagus;
do not tilt it forward too much - this may increase bleeding;
blow your nose - this will prevent blood clots from clogging the damaged vessel;
Having placed the child in a horizontal position, make sure that his head is turned to the side and not lying straight.