Ceftriaxone in the treatment of sinusitis and sinusitis in adults

Does Ceftriaxone help with sinusitis?

This disease can occur in two forms:

bacterial sinusitis, that is, a disease caused by microbial flora;
non-bacterial sinusitis, that is, a disease caused by allergic reactions, injuries, and abnormalities in the structure of the respiratory system.

"Ceftriaxone" is a cephalosporin antibiotic, that is, it acts on the microbial flora. That is why it can only be used for sinusitis of bacterial origin. If you develop an illness caused by viruses, such as influenza or herpes; it will not help with protozoa, fungi or parasites.

On the contrary, the patient’s condition can sharply worsen, since the use of any antibiotic reduces the body’s immune defense, which allows pathogens to multiply and cause even more harm to humans.

In order to prescribe Ceftriaxone, like any other antibiotic, you must perform the following steps.

Effect of the drug

Ceftriaxone is an antibiotic of a number of cephalosporins. It has a wide range of influences. Available in the form of a yellow powder. It is packaged in glass ampoules with a mass of 0.25, 0.5 and 1 g. Serves to obtain a solution used as injections. The drug must be administered intramuscularly or intravenously.

The medication contains an active ingredient called ceftriaxone. Its task is to stop gram-positive, gram-negative, aerobic and anaerobic pathogenic microorganisms. It has a positive effect in the fight against various pathogens of sinusitis.

If we compare Ceftriaxone with other antibacterial drugs, it is a potent medicine that can treat sinusitis in severe and severely advanced cases.

After the drug has been administered, it is quickly absorbed into the lymph and affects all organs and tissues of the body, including the liquid medium. The activity of the drug is 100%. When treating sinusitis, the active components of the antibiotic penetrate the respiratory tract, causing destruction to the protective membranes of microorganisms, preventing them from growing and multiplying.

Due to the rapid and complete absorption into the blood, a positive effect can be noticed after the first injection.

The drug leaves the body in about 2 days through bile and urine. The antibiotic does not have a cumulative property, so treatment must be carried out strictly adhering to the dosage prescribed by the doctor.

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How does Ceftriaxone work for sinusitis?

"Ceftriaxone" for sinusitis acts as a powerful antimicrobial agent. It can help with infection of the body by certain types of bacteria:

gonococcus;
meningococcus;
streptococcus;
staphylococcus;
clostridia.

It is important to remember that the infection can affect any system of the body, and subsequently move through the bloodstream, for example, into the maxillary sinuses. This route of transmission of infection is called homogeneous.

Primary sinusitis is most often caused by staphylococci and streptococci.

Instructions for use and dosage

Antibiotics for sinusitis are first-line drugs. Penetrating into the blood, Ceftriaxone is retained in the required amount at the site of inflammation. For sinusitis, Ceftriaxone injections are usually prescribed in combination with mucolytic, vasoconstrictor and other agents.

How and how many days to inject Ceftriaxone for sinusitis? The drug is injected into the patient’s muscle in an amount of 0.5-1 g 2 times a day with an interval of 12 hours. To do this, Ceftriaxone powder is diluted with 1% lidocaine solution or water for injection. The course of treatment averages from 7 to 14 days. Its duration is determined by the doctor, who takes into account the complexity and neglect of the inflammatory process in the maxillary sinuses.

The effectiveness of antibiotic therapy can be seen 2 days after the start of treatment with Ceftriaxone, the patient begins to recover faster, and the number of complaints decreases. If treatment does not help, the doctor must change treatment tactics, for example, change the drug.

The prepared solution of Ceftriaxone can be stored for no more than 6 hours. If this time expires, the drug will not have the desired therapeutic effect. That is why the solution is prepared immediately before the injection. Most reviews from patients who have used Ceftriaxone to treat acute and chronic sinusitis indicate the high effectiveness of this drug.

Precautions for using Ceftriaxone for sinusitis

"Ceftriaxone" has a high degree of safety, so it can be used even in the treatment of newborns.

Treatment of sinusitis with Ceftriaxone requires precautions for the following conditions:

pregnancy and breastfeeding;
liver diseases;
kidney disease;
inflammatory diseases of the small or large intestine;
increased levels of bilirubin in the blood of newborns;
severe dysfunction of the liver and kidneys. They require periodic monitoring of the condition and determination of the level of Ceftriaxone in the blood;
weakened state, old age. In these cases, vitamin K is prescribed.

Important! It is prohibited to drink alcohol while using Ceftriaxone. This rule must be followed when treating with any antibiotics. Otherwise, unpleasant consequences may occur (nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal spasms, increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure) or serious disturbances in liver function.

With long-term use of Ceftriaxone, it is necessary to systematically monitor blood counts. To do this, a general detailed analysis and biochemical analysis are performed.

To restore the intestinal microflora, you can use probiotics - drugs specially created for such cases of therapy. These are Laktofiltrum, Linex and others.

Contraindications

Ceftriaxone has a number of contraindications for certain groups of people. It is prescribed for sinusitis with caution, without aggravating the patient's condition.

Use with caution:

Individual intolerance to the components of the drug
Childhood
Pregnancy and lactation
If you are prone to allergic reactions
For renal and liver failure

Side effects are possible if the instructions for use are not followed. The action of Ceftriaxone is systemic. The medicine enters all tissues of the body, so it can cause a negative reaction from any organ.

Side effects:

Digestive system – nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Skin reactions - rash, redness, itching
Changes in blood composition with long-term use
Muscle swelling at injection sites

An overdose of the drug is practically excluded if the patient complies with the prescriptions and instructions for use. If such situations arise, it is recommended to symptomatically eliminate the body’s reaction.

Side effects of Ceftriaxone

There are no drugs that do not have side effects, so Ceftriaxone also creates some inconvenience for the patient:

allergic reactions;
decreased iron levels in the blood;
abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea;
nosebleeds;
convulsions;
skin itching;
candidiasis;
an increase in the number of platelets, a decrease in the number of leukocytes and lymphocytes in the blood;
headache;
dizziness;
increased amount of urine.

These side effects do not necessarily occur during treatment. The manufacturer of the drug lists in the instructions all the adverse events that occurred during clinical trials of the drug in order to protect itself and patients.

Since the drug can cause dizziness, a temporary refusal to drive vehicles or operate machinery that requires increased reaction speed is required.

Does it help?

The drug in question is very powerful. It is prescribed only in the most emergency situations, when there is a risk of complications. You can feel the positive effect after the first injection of the drug. And after completing the course in full, the long-awaited recovery begins. The antibiotic Sumamed is no less effective for sinusitis.

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How many days to inject Ceftriaxone for sinusitis in an adult?

Ceftriaxone is a drug used for intramuscular or intravenous administration. The drug has the highest bioavailability - 100%, which indicates its effectiveness.

Before using Ceftriaxone, you must dilute it in one of the following liquids:

in water for injection:
in a one percent solution of Lidocaine to provide an analgesic effect.

It is important to remember that a solution prepared with Lidocaine cannot be used for intravenous administration. We must not forget about contraindications to the use of this drug.

The prepared solution can be stored in the refrigerator for six hours.

"Ceftriaxone" for sinusitis is used for five to fifteen days. The specific duration of treatment depends on the severity of sinusitis. If complications occur, the course of treatment should be increased.

Important! It is important to complete treatment with Ceftriaxone. An indicator of the effectiveness of its use is not only the relief of the patient’s condition, but also its stabilization, observed within three days after confirmation of the destruction of microbial microflora. The determination is made in the same order as diagnosis.

Ceftriaxone injections for sinusitis can help with little effectiveness, but you must remember the precautions and contraindications noted above. Otherwise, instead of healing from the disease, serious problems may arise.

Intramuscular administration

Having collected 3.6 ml of water for injection into a syringe, it is injected into a bottle filled with Ceftriaxone, after which it is shaken well to mix without removing the syringe needle. It can be injected into the muscle of the thigh or buttock, namely, into its upper outer square, deeply.

It is recommended to inject no more than one bottle of Ceftriaxone into one muscle.

Intravenous administration

Having collected 9.6 ml of water for injection into a syringe, it is injected into a bottle filled with Ceftriaxone, after which it is shaken well to mix without removing the syringe needle. It can be injected into a vein located in the crook of the elbow.

Important! When used intravenously, Ceftriaxone must be administered very slowly: over four minutes.

Intravenous drip

This method allows treatment in difficult cases, since slow administration of the drug ensures its more complete effect. Popularly it is called a dropper.

Two bottles of Ceftriaxone are filled with forty milliliters of water for injection, the composition is mixed well and injected using a drip system into the patient’s vein very slowly - over 45 minutes.

The number of injections used during one day is determined by the attending physician, taking into account the severity of sinusitis, its dynamics and the individual health characteristics of the patient

Comparison with the drug Cefotaxime

If tests show the presence of complications with sinusitis, then in addition to tablet medications, antibiotics are prescribed in the form of injections. They are administered intramuscularly. Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxime remain effective medications for sinusitis. They are superior to other medications in this group in their effect on pathogens and streptococci.

Cefotaxime

And although the drugs in question are very similar in their effects, there are certain differences between them. For example, Ceftriaxone has a detrimental effect on the absorption of vitamin K. Also, its prolonged use leads to stagnation of bile in the gallbladder.

But Cefotaxime does not have these side effects. Of course, with its rapid administration, arrhythmia may develop. And although the actions of antibiotics are similar, their composition is different. This indicates that you should not change medications without your doctor's knowledge.

Ceftriaxone is characterized by high activity against pneumococci and Haemophilus influenzae. The medicine in question is used very often, and this is due to the fact that it is characterized by a long half-life.

It can be administered once a day, and the dosage should not exceed 2 g. But Cefotoxime does not have such a strong effect on bacteria. It is administered in an amount of 3-6 g per day.

What to do if Ceftriaxone does not help?

When Ceftriaxone is used correctly, the first manifestations of the effect appear quite quickly. In their absence, the following reasons can be assumed:

sinusitis is non-infectious;
sinusitis is infectious in nature, but is caused by microorganisms that are not affected by this drug;
an insufficient dose of medication is used;
treatment was interrupted prematurely;
There are contraindications for the use of Ceftriaxone.

It is important to accurately determine the cause and eliminate it.

Characteristics of the drug

Ceftriaxone is a third generation antibiotic. It belongs to the cephalosporins and contains the active substance of the same name. Available in powder for injection. The drug has a crystalline structure, white or slightly yellowish. One bottle of medicine contains 1g of active substance. Treatment of sinusitis with Ceftriaxone is justified, since the drug has a wide spectrum of action and is used to eliminate many types of pathogenic microorganisms.

The list of virulent microorganisms that are negatively affected by the drug is quite large. Ceftriaxone inhibits the vital activity of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, as well as aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The action of the drug is to destroy the cell wall of microorganisms, which leads to their death. The drug is equally effective for use in pediatric practice and for the treatment of adult patients.

The disadvantage, according to patients, is that the medicine is used only in injections and their administration is quite painful, as well as the presence of a large list of adverse reactions.

The drug is well absorbed by the body, accumulates in tissues and biological fluids, and quickly reaches the organs. Its effect is observed after 1.5 hours after administration. Ceftriaxone and its metabolic products remain in the tissues and physiological fluids of the body for quite a long time. The presence of the drug is determined in the blood one day after its administration. The half-life is 9 hours, but may be significantly longer in children and the elderly. If the excretory function of the kidneys is impaired, the drug tends to accumulate in the body.

How to properly dilute ceftriaxone for the treatment of sinusitis?

There are a lot of bacteria inside our body. Some of them have a positive effect on physiological processes, for example, on the digestion process.

But there are also bacteria that are causative agents of various infectious diseases, one of which is sinusitis.

When optimal conditions for pathogenic bacteria are created in the body, they provoke the development of an inflammatory process.

Ceftriaxone is an antibacterial drug that can be used to treat sinusitis. In this article we will talk about its features, indications, contraindications and side effects.

Description of the drug

Ceftriaxone is a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Its analogues are drugs such as Suprax or Cefixime.

This antibiotic effectively fights many bacteria:

Haemophilus influenzae.
Streptococci.
Staphylococci.
Neisseria.
Enterobacteriaceae.
Eischerichia and so on.

Do not forget that before taking the drug it is necessary to determine the degree of sensitivity of the causative bacteria to the antibiotic.

Ceftriaxone appears as a white powder. It is diluted in water and used for intravenous or intramuscular administration (infusion, transfusion). When the drug enters the blood, it is quickly absorbed into tissues and liquid media, thereby exerting a bactericidal effect after about two hours. Excretion is carried out by the kidneys and through the intestines.

Ceftriaxone inhibits the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, preventing its reproduction. The maximum concentration of the antibiotic in the blood is observed after two to twenty-four hours. It is during this period that Ceftriaxone effectively fights microorganisms that cause sinusitis.

The duration of use of Ceftriaxone depends on the stage of sinusitis and the individual characteristics of the body. The course usually lasts from four to eight days.

The dosage depends on age and severity of sinusitis. The average daily dose for an adult is one to two grams per day, and for newborn children - twenty to twenty-five milligrams per kilogram of body weight.

Pharmacological action and group

The chemical name of the cephalosporin antibiotic Ceftriaxone is [6R-[6alpha,7beta(z]]-7-[[(2-Amino-4-thiazolyl)(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino]-8-oxo-3-[[(1, 2,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)thio]methyl]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0] oct-2 -ene-2-carboxylic acid (as disodium salt).

This third-generation antibiotic has a bactericidal effect and inhibits the synthesis of the cell membrane. It inhibits the proliferation of many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

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Indications and contraindications for use

Ceftriaxone is indicated for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms sensitive to this antibiotic.

This includes sepsis, meningitis, infections of the abdominal cavity (inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, peritonitis), bones and joints, skin, connective tissue, infectious diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract, gonorrhea, infections of the ENT organs. Ceftriaxone is also used for pneumonia in adults.

Ceftriaxone is also used to prevent infection after surgery.

This antibiotic is contraindicated in the presence of hypersensitivity to penicillins and cephalosporins, as well as in the first trimester of pregnancy. It is necessary to carefully monitor the body's reaction to the administration of Ceftriaxone. You can consider a number of other antibiotics used for sinusitis and sinusitis.

It is used with extreme caution to treat the following groups of people:

Children.
People with kidney or liver failure.
Patients with hyperbilirubinemia.
People prone to allergic reactions.

Doctors should be prepared to indicate emergency care if anaphylactic shock occurs as a result of the administration of Ceftriaxone.

If the drug is used for longer than the period recommended by the instructions, it is necessary to monitor the composition of peripheral blood and the parameters of renal-liver tests.

During pregnancy

Ceftriaxone can be used during pregnancy only if the expected benefit to the woman outweighs the potential risk to the unborn child.

Only a doctor can prescribe this antibiotic. He must closely monitor the condition of the pregnant woman, since the drug penetrates the placental barrier.

It may be impossible to determine the effect of Ceftriaxone on the fetus.

Ceftriaxone is rarely prescribed and only in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. When using this antibiotic during lactation, you should stop breastfeeding for the duration of treatment.

For small children

Ceftriaxone is approved for use in the treatment of sinusitis in children under one year of age and older. But it is necessary to strictly follow the instructions in the instructions, since the dose depends on the age of the child.

For newborns up to two weeks old, the antibiotic is administered once a day. Twenty to fifty milligrams per kilogram of body weight.

Infants and children from fifteen days to twelve years old are prescribed Ceftriaxone at twenty to eighty milligrams per kilogram of body weight once a day.

Adolescent children whose body weight exceeds fifty kilograms are prescribed an adult dose of an antibiotic (one to two grams of Ceftriaxone once a day). The maximum daily dose is four grams.

Ceftriaxone must not be diluted with novocaine, as this can cause anaphylactic shock in a child.

The course of treatment for children lasts approximately ten to fourteen days. But if there is no therapeutic effect, then you need to change the antibiotic.

Possible complications caused by the drug

Systemic side effects include:

Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, and so on).
Blood changes (thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, hemolytic anemia, etc.).
Skin reactions (allergic dermatitis, swelling, urticaria, etc.).

Complications such as headache, dizziness, stagnation of bile in the gallbladder, mycosis, anaphylactic reactions, and oliguria rarely occur. Even less commonly, pseudomembranous enterocolitis and blood clotting disorders may occur.

Local side effects include:

Phlebitis (inflammation of the vein wall). Its occurrence can be prevented if Ceftriaxone is administered slowly over two to four minutes.

Ceftriaxone cannot be mixed in the same vial or syringe with other antibiotics due to their chemical incompatibility.

In case of overdose, the concentration of the drug can be reduced using hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

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conclusions

Ceftriaxone has a strong bactericidal effect. It is used to treat many diseases, including sinusitis. In this case, the antibiotic is administered intramuscularly.

Treatment should be comprehensive, so do not forget about vasoconstrictor drugs and other drugs for the treatment of sinusitis. The course lasts at least seven days.

The effectiveness of Sinupret, a drug based on natural ingredients, for sinusitis is described here. And this article will tell you about the features of using Amoxicillin for sinusitis.

Injections for sinusitis Ceftriaxone: instructions for use, injection dosage

Treatment of sinusitis includes combined therapeutic measures, which also includes antibiotic therapy. Ceftriaxone is one of the drugs prescribed for severe forms of the disease. This medicine belongs to the cephalosporins, therefore it has a wide spectrum of action, successfully coping with protracted infectious diseases.

Doctor's review of Ceftriaxone - video

Source zagaimorit.ru

When are ceftriaxone injections for sinusitis necessary?

How many days should an adult be injected with ceftriaxone for sinusitis?

What is the dosage of the antibiotic?

How to properly dilute the antibiotic Ceftriaxone?

If you have sinusitis, it is better to consult an otolaryngologist. An antibiotic alone cannot cure sinusitis.

First you need to cleanse the maxillary sinuses, and only a doctor can do this. In some cases, it is not even necessary to go to the department; the doctor can do this right during the appointment.

About ceftriaxone. You need to inject what the doctor prescribes and this does not have to be ceftriaxone.

Adults are injected with ceftriaxone 2 times a day, 1 gram at an interval of 12 hours. The bottle is diluted with 4 ml of water for injection or 2 ml of water and 2 ml of novocaine or lidocaine. Lidocaine can cause an allergic reaction, so it is better to do a test on your wrist before the injection.

Just a week ago, my husband successfully completed a course of treatment for sinusitis. Ceftriaxone was injected twice a day, with an interval of 12 hours, for 5 days, intramuscularly. 1 gram of this powder was diluted with 5 ml of 1% Lidocaine (to reduce the painful effect of Ceftriaxone). The doctor immediately warned that if an allergic reaction follows after one or two injections, then the use of the drug should be stopped.

It is important to note here that self-medication and Ceftriaxone alone cannot be used for sinusitis - you must definitely contact a qualified specialist, otherwise this unpleasant disease will return again and again. In addition to the antibiotic, you will also need to take pills, droppers and repeated rinsing of the maxillary sinuses , which can only be done correctly by an otolaryngologist (it is he, by the way, who determines the prescription of drugs (including Ceftriaxone) and their dosage - depending on the stage and course of the disease). And to determine the condition of the nasopharynx, a competent doctor should first send the patient for an x-ray.

Source www.bolshoyvopros.ru

Sinusitis is inflammation of the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinuses. Caused by a staphylococcal infection, it occurs in people of different ages and genders. The disease is seasonal and the peak of exacerbation occurs in the autumn-winter period. Ceftriaxone for sinusitis is prescribed in the acute course of the disease, accompanied by profuse purulent discharge from the nasal passages, pain, and high fever. Often, for sinusitis, antibiotics are used that do not have such a strong antimicrobial effect. But in case of rapid development of sinusitis, Ceftriaxone is prescribed.