Methods for treating adenoids in a child, Komarovsky’s advice

What is adenoiditis?

Adenoid, excessively enlarged pharyngeal tonsils. Inflammation of the adenoids is called adenoiditis. The pharyngeal tonsils are located on the back wall of the larynx. They produce lymphocytes, which protect the body from bacteria and viruses. Throat tonsillitis can become a health hazard. Adenoids, a problem that pediatricians often encounter. The peak of the disease occurs between the ages of 3 and 10 years.

Video by Dr. Komarovsky about adenoids

What to do if a child’s adenoids are enlarged? The favorite pediatrician of Russia and the CIS countries, Dr. Komarovsky, will answer this question. After watching the video, you will understand how dangerous this unpleasant disease is and what modern treatment methods exist. The children's therapist will traditionally answer the questions of concerned mothers and fathers and talk about effective methods of prevention.

Adenoids are pathologies of the upper respiratory tract in children - an inflammatory process in the nasopharynx that lasts a long time and is accompanied by an increase in the adenoid tissue of the pharyngeal tonsil, with frequent repetition. Enlargement of the nasopharyngeal tonsil and its inflammation leads to difficulty in nasal breathing, discharge (mucopurulent) from the nose or along the back wall of the pharynx.

Adenoids are the lymphoid tissue that is located on the back wall of the pharynx. This fabric prevents bacteria and infectious agents from entering the child's body. It is the adenoids that play an important role in the health of the child. That is, if you remove them at an early age, the child will begin to get sick more often. Treatment of adenoids in children without surgery Komarovsky

and other leading doctors consider it quite possible.

With normal development of the baby, the adenoids will begin to shrink after the age of seven; at the age of 14 they almost completely disappear. In some children, the adenoids grow and cause a lot of discomfort. Bacteria begin to multiply in this tissue, as a result of which the adenoids become a focus for the development of various diseases, which can be very dangerous for the baby and lead to complications. If a child has grade 3 adenoids, treatment without surgery is recommended by Komarovsky and other doctors only in some cases, otherwise they are removed.

Treatment of adenoiditis is carried out by an ENT doctor. To examine the adenoids and make a diagnosis, the doctor uses a special mirror (anterior and posterior rhinoscopy) for examination and probes the nasopharynx with his fingers.

Symptoms of adenoiditis in children

At an early stage, it is almost impossible to determine adenoids in babies. Parents think it's a common runny nose.

What should parents pay attention to?

Pallor
Lethargy
Snore
Difficulty breathing through the nose
Baby swallows food hard
Frequent fatigue and irritability

If the tonsils have already grown, then you can notice obvious signs:

A runny nose that can no longer be cured with regular drops
Constant cough
Sore throat, nose
Heat
Decreased appetite
Nausea

Treatment of adenoids Komarovsky's advice

The TV show “Doctor Komarovsky’s School” is hosted by a well-known doctor and often gives advice on television for treating children for various types of diseases. The topic of “adenoids in a child” was raised.

Here are the recommendations the doctor advises you to follow in this case:

Do not abandon the treatment of viral and infectious diseases halfway, but treat them to the end. Since the tonsils will not be able to regenerate instantly, there is a risk of an adenoid.
In order to avoid illness, you need to harden your baby from an early age, adhere to proper nutrition and a balanced diet with vitamins.
As preventive measures, Komarovsky insists on good living conditions created for the child. The air should be moist, the room ventilated, the nasopharynx should be moistened by drinking plenty of fluids.

Not all people adhere to the above rules and, as a result, a disease, treatment that does not occur without the help of doctors.

Children's cough.

Treatment of adenoiditis according to Komarovsky

A conservative solution will help alleviate the child’s condition, but it is worth remembering that the main therapy involves lifestyle adjustments and the implementation of measures to prevent colds. One of the good ways to treat adenoids is the cuckoo method. It helps clear the nasopharynx of accumulated mucus and pus. However, there is a minus: the method does not reduce the size of the adenoid.

What are the indications for adenoid removal?

Lack of breathing through the nose
Sleep disturbance
Stopping breathing during sleep
Recurrent otitis
Lower respiratory tract diseases

Before removing adenoids, you need to find a doctor who is able to talk with relatives.

Stages of adenoiditis

There are three stages of the disease:

The first stage is early, characterized by a slight deterioration in nasal breathing that occurs during night sleep. In this case, the tonsils may be slightly inflamed and close the sinuses by a third.
Grade 2 adenoids are accompanied by significant inflammation, and night snoring occurs. During the waking period, the child may notice difficulty breathing through the nose. Hypertrophied tissue blocks half of the nasal passages.
The advanced stage, the third, is characterized by the absence of breathing through the nose, and a nasal voice develops. The tonsils acquire large volumes and cover 2/3 of the nasal cavity.

Any degree of adenoiditis may be accompanied by impaired hearing abilities.

Modern diagnostic methods

Adenoids are easy to view with the equipment available to every ENT doctor.

The size of the adenoids can be determined by the condition of the tonsils. If we are talking about removal, then additional diagnostic methods are carried out, for example, X-ray examination of the nasopharynx, CT scan, which will accurately determine the degree of proliferation of the adenoids.

Endoscopic examinations are also used. The nasopharynx is examined using flexible rhinoscopes. They are introduced into the nasal cavity and allow you to examine the adenoids in more detail, determine the degree of the inflammatory process and the condition of the mucous membrane.

You can examine the child yourself, but this is problematic, since the child will not be able to open his nostrils wide, and the parent may hurt the child. Regular spoons are not suitable in size, so it is better to consult an ENT doctor.

Rinsing the nasal cavity

Rinsing your sinuses daily will make breathing much easier.

For adenoids, regular gargling of the throat and nose is recommended. This is an effective method of fighting inflammation. It gives even better results than taking systemic drugs orally.

Medicinal solutions are used to wash the lesions. They are prepared on the basis of medicinal compounds or natural ingredients according to traditional medicine recipes.

By rinsing, it is possible to eliminate accumulations of harmful pathogens that multiply in the nasopharynx. Along with this, mucus in the inflamed area is removed. Such measures are usually sufficient at the first stage of adenoid development in children.

How to rinse correctly?

Treatment of adenoids by rinsing the nasal cavity allows you to get rid of the disease without surgery, if it is carried out in accordance with the rules. During the procedure the following manipulations must be performed:

It is necessary to tilt the child's head to the side.
The tip of the sprayer must be inserted into the nasal passage.
Next, the nasal cavity is irrigated.
If the child is small, then additional mucus suction with a special device (aspirator) will be required. In another case, the patient may blow his nose on his own.

This procedure is performed for each nasal passage. It is repeated up to 4 times a day for a ten-day period.

Nasal rinsing must be carried out before each injection of the drug into the lesion in order to enhance the effectiveness of therapy.

What solutions should I use?

Use no more than twice a day

Not all parents know how to treat adenoids by rinsing the nose without surgery and what solutions to use. You should ask your doctor these questions. He will recommend formulations that are effective for this disease.

It is not necessary to use store-bought solutions to rinse your nose. The medicinal composition can be prepared at home. To do this, mix 1 tsp in warm water. regular table salt. Instead, it is permissible to use a seafood product. The result is a sterile solution that is ready for the treatment procedure.

In pharmacies you can purchase ready-made formulations for the treatment of adenoids by regularly rinsing the nasal cavity. Doctors recommend paying attention to the following drugs:

"Physiomer."
"Aqualor".
"Aquamaris".
"Marimere."
"Dolphin"

All funds are available for free sale.

Possible complications

Adenoids, an obstruction in the nasopharynx resulting in congestion in the nose and surrounding areas. Nasal discharge begins to torment the patient. Rhinitis may develop.

The pharyngeal tonsil becomes a chronic source of infection. Favorable conditions are created for the development of allergic diseases and inflammation of the respiratory tract. The child begins to develop persistent runny nose, sore throat, and bronchitis.

The disease develops and symptoms begin to increase. Due to impaired ventilation of the tympanic cavity, the child has difficulty hearing. As a result, the child becomes distracted and irritable, and it is difficult for him to learn and remember new information.

Causes and signs of the disease

Enlarged adenoids are the immune system's response to a strong irritant. If the irritant is exposed very often, the tonsils produce more substances that stimulate the body's defenses. This is precisely why adenoids grow.

The main causes of inflammation of the adenoid include the following:

Heredity. If parents had such a problem in childhood, then children may also encounter it.
Sinusitis, bronchial asthma - allergic diseases of the upper respiratory tract.
Frequent colds.
Infectious diseases that affect decreased immunity, such as measles, scarlet fever, rubella and others.
Rare ventilation of the room, dry air in the house during the heating season.
Very dusty room.
Unfavorable environment (for example, in industrial cities).

A child sleeping with his mouth open is the first symptom of adenoids

Symptoms of adenoids in children include:

Serous discharge from the nose.
Severe difficulty breathing through the nose, persistent runny nose.
The child breathes periodically or constantly through the mouth. Over time, this leads to insufficient ventilation of the lungs, as well as oxygen starvation.
The baby sleeps with his mouth open, restless sleep, with snoring and wheezing. Due to the retraction of the tongue, attacks of suffocation may occur.
Chronic rhinitis, frequent cough as a result of mucus draining from the nose along the back wall of the nasopharynx.
Frequent ear inflammations – otitis media, hearing impairment.
The voice becomes nasal, disturbances in the timbre of the voice.
Frequent inflammations of the paranasal sinuses - sore throats, bronchitis, sinusitis, pneumonia.
Adenoid type of face - an indifferent facial expression with a constantly open mouth.
The baby’s mental abilities and memory decrease, attention is impaired, fatigue, drowsiness, and irritability appear. The baby constantly has a headache and begins to do poorly at school.
Symptoms may include anemia, gastrointestinal disturbances (constipation, diarrhea, loss of appetite).
With adenoiditis, the temperature rises, general weakness appears, and the lymph nodes become enlarged. Adenoiditis can only manifest itself during ARVI; after recovery, the adenoids become smaller.

Overgrowth of adenoids can lead to disorders in the body:

Violation of the physiological properties of the middle ear.
Regular colds.
The appearance of chronic foci of infection.
Decreased performance.
Inflammation in the middle ear.
Inflammation of the respiratory tract.
Violation of the development of the speech apparatus.

How to cure without surgery?

There are two treatment methods, non-surgical and surgical removal. The operation is prescribed only as a last resort.

Any treatment should be prescribed only by an ENT doctor. A particular positive effect is achieved at the first stage of the disease.

Complex non-surgical treatment:

Use of medicinal drugs
Laser treatment of adenoids. This is one of the most effective and safest ways to get rid of the problem. Laser treatment will reduce the lymphoid tissue of the tonsil and reduce the inflammatory process. In addition, this device will help relieve swelling, remove inflammation, and reduce pain.
Homeopathy is far behind the laser method. Homeopathic remedies are a safe method of treatment, but the positive effect is personal in each case. This method will help some, but not others.
Climatic treatment, for example, a trip to a sanatorium in the Crimea or Krasnodar Territory. This treatment will help strengthen the immune system and reduce the proliferation of tonsils.
Physiotherapy, for example UHF, ultraviolet radiation, electrophoresis.

How are adenoids removed?

Excision of the adenoids is practiced if all conservative therapy has not been effective, the disease recurs more than four times a year, complications are observed (otitis media, sinusitis, frequent acute respiratory viral infections; facial deformation - it may look like mumps symptoms; sleep apnea). It is possible to remove tonsils using laser therapy and standard surgery.

Small nasal polyps may not cause symptoms. Enlarged sizes or groups of polyps can block the nasal passages and can cause breathing problems, loss of smell, and frequent rhinosin infections. Typically, nasal polyps affect adults and the elderly, but can also be found in children. We must distinguish between adult nasal polyposis and "children's polyps", which refer to chronic inflammation of the adenoid vegetation and have nothing to do with the disease described here. Drug treatment can reduce the number of rhinosinus polyps in volume and rarely cause them to disappear.

Using operation

The operation to remove the adenoids is called adenotomy. It has been carried out for more than 100 years under local anesthesia in a hospital, if there are no contraindications (age under 2 years, abnormalities in the structure of the nasopharynx, etc.). In a traditional operation, the doctor performs it “blindly,” which does not exclude the possibility of not completely removing the adenoid tissue. Endoscopic removal of adenoids in children, aspiration adenotomy, and surgery using shaver technologies are considered more modern and effective methods. Removal of adenoids in children under general anesthesia is rarely performed.

The current protocol includes endoscopic surgical treatment, in which in most cases the polyps can be completely removed. Unfortunately, the disease recurs, and in many cases polyps appear after a few years. Proper post-operative drug treatment can slow the recurrence of polyps over a longer period of time.

Scientists have not fully identified the causes of nasal polyps. It is not clear why some people develop chronic inflammation, or why advanced inflammation causes polyps to form in some patients and not others. Inflammation occurs in the area where the nose and sinus fluid are produced. There is evidence that people who develop polyps have different immune system responses and different chemical markers in the mucosal membrane than those who do not develop polyps.

Laser removal of adenoids in children

Another alternative way to remove vegetation is the laser method. Most ENT specialists consider this type of treatment to be effective and safe, but the consequences of laser exposure are poorly understood; no special studies have been conducted on how the laser affects the body. Laser therapy reduces inflammation, increases immunity, and removes lymphoid edema.

Nasal polyps can make you more prone to sinus infections, which occur frequently or become chronic. If the infection spreads to the orbit and optic nerve, it can cause swelling or bulging of the eyeball, inability to move the eyeball, decreased visual acuity, or even blindness, which may become permanent. If symptoms are not well controlled, contact your doctor to change your treatment plan. Whenever possible, avoid inhaling airborne substances that can cause inflammation and irritation of the nose and sinuses.

Chronic rhinosinusitis can cause asthma attacks.
Sinus infections.
Expansion of infection into orbit.
Keeping allergies and asthma under control.
Follow your doctor's recommended treatment for allergies and asthma.
Avoid nasal irritation.

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Surgical removal methods

Surgical intervention, removal operation is called adenotomy. However, there is no need to rush; it is better to observe the child’s condition. Surgery should be resorted to when all conservative methods have already been tried. If this does not bring a positive result, then you need to make a decision about surgery. Many parents worry that the child will be in pain and the blood vessels will begin to bleed.

The operation is performed under anesthesia. Mothers want to improve the child’s quality of life and, on the contrary, try to avoid surgery, but intervention is necessary when the child’s lump has already grown and is preventing him from breathing. During the operation, the adenoids are not cut out, they are trimmed under the root and the adenoids are returned to their normal state. After the operation, the child will be able to breathe normally.

In some children, adenoids may grow even if the operation was performed efficiently. This is due to a genetic predisposition to tissue growth and after five to six years after the operation it can again bother me. If the doctor says that surgery is necessary, then it really is necessary.

The operation lasts a maximum of half an hour. The recovery period takes five days, a maximum of a week. After this, the mother should regularly examine the child with an ENT doctor.

Adenoiditis

How can adenoiditis be cured in children? E. O. Komarovsky reports that many parents consider adenoids and adenoiditis to be related concepts, although this is not the case. Adenoids are hypertrophy of the immune organ, and adenoiditis is its inflammation. In the event of the development of purulent or catarrhal processes, treatment should be accompanied by taking medications not only symptomatic, but also pathogenetic. In other words, inflammation can be eliminated by using medications aimed at destroying pathogenic agents that cause pathological reactions.

Adenoiditis can be eliminated by taking the following pharmacotherapy:

antibiotics - “Amoxiclav”, “Zinacef”, “Flemoxin Solutab”;
antiviral agents - “Anaferon”, “Rimantadine”, “Orvirem”;
anti-inflammatory drugs - Nimesulide, Ibuprofen, Nise;
immunostimulating drugs - “IRS-19”, “Ribomunil”, “Immunal”;
reparative medicines - “Elbona”, “Bepanten”, “Moreal-plus”.

Important! Immunostimulants should not be used when treating patients under the age of 3 years, as they can negatively affect the immunological reactivity of the child’s body.

Drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases should be selected only by the attending physician. When choosing medications, the pediatrician is guided by the results of microbiological and virological analysis.

What is not recommended to do when treating adenoids in children

Adenoiditis is a complex disease. Any wrong actions can lead to dangerous complications. Therefore, it is important for parents to know what to do is strictly prohibited. You cannot give your child hot baths at home.

In general, any overheating is unacceptable, especially if an exacerbation phase has begun. There are certain requirements for the diet. All hot and cold drinks and foods should be excluded from it. Doctors also recommend minimizing the likelihood of hypothermia.

Inhalation of hot air is prohibited. Therefore, you should not resort to inhaling steam from boiled potatoes. A nebulizer is best.