Cromohexal - instructions, use, types

Pharmacological authorities

Pharmacodynamics.

An antiallergic substance that advances the intracellular penetration of calcium ions, stabilizes the membranes of basophils, preventing their degranulation, thereby inhibiting the accelerated release of inflammation mediators: g istamine, bradykinine, leukotrienes and other biologically active substances. This mechanism of action is universal for all mucous membranes (bronchi, nose, eyes, intestines). The drug protects against the influx of specific allergens (saws, saws) and other irritating factors in excess of the stomach.

Pharmacokinetics.

After intranasal administration of sodium cromoglycate, less than 7% of the dose is absorbed, whereas with oral administration, systemic absorption accounts for only about 1% of the drug. The recovery period is approximately 80 minutes.

Sodium cromoglycate has a low affinity for fats and therefore cannot penetrate through most biological membranes, such as the blood-brain barrier.

The most important factor that ensures the therapeutic effect of sodium cromoglycate is the concentration achieved after local stagnation in the thyroid gland of the target organ.

Sodium cromoglycate is not metabolized. The drug is excreted from the body at regular intervals and lasts for 24 years with an unchanged appearance.

Special instructions and recommendations for use

Cromohexal solution for inhalation should not be used for acute attacks of asthma due to bronchospasm. It is used for long-term treatment of chronic disease.

The product is incompatible with drugs such as Bromhexine and Ambroxol. With simultaneous use, side effects and complications may develop (acute attack of bronchial asthma, allergies, etc.).

Cromoglicic acid can be prescribed in combination with other groups of drugs for the treatment of asthma (glucocorticoids and bronchodilators). But the dosage of glucocorticoids should be reduced, given the similar antiallergic effect. Agents with bronchodilator properties should be taken before inhalation to improve the effect of the latter.

If the doctor has prescribed long-term treatment (more than 4 weeks), then it is necessary to monitor the patient’s liver and kidney functions. This is done by monitoring diuresis, laboratory tests of urine and stool. If alarming symptoms appear in these organs, it is necessary to stop treatment with Cromohexal and consult a doctor to correct the patient’s condition.

Features of good stagnation

To speed up the process, you can apply anti-diabetic nasal spray before applying Kromo SANDOZ® spray for 2-3 days. In some cases, a combination of bark and an antihistamine can be used for a short period.

The patient is aware of the need for regular administration of the drug.

The quick forging of the spray during curing is safe and does not require special curing.

Suspension during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

The drug has not been found to be teratogenic when administered during pregnancy. Accumulations confirm the availability of infusion of sodium cromoglycate into the fetal development. It is recommended to use it during periods of pregnancy in cases of extreme necessity.

Sodium cromoglycate can pass into breast milk in small amounts, but no harmful effects on the baby have been reported at the recommended doses. Avoiding use of the spray during breastfeeding may be less likely if the ongoing effect of therapy for the mother outweighs the potential risk for the baby.

This is due to the fluidity of the reaction during treatment with vehicles or other mechanisms.

It does not infuse, however, in sensitive patients, it is possible to experience unpleasant reactions on the side of the central nervous system, swelling, and confusion.

Overdose

The drug is taken for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.

Eye drops:

• Conjunctivitis of allergic origin.
• Keratoconjunctivitis.
• Keratitis of allergic origin.
• Irritation of the mucous membrane of the eyeball caused by the action of an irritant.
• Negative effects on the eyes of household chemicals, medications, pets, plants, environmental factors, and occupational hazards.

Contraindications

The antiallergic drug should not be taken if increased sensitization to any components of the drug is detected.

Reception and dosage

The medicine is used according to these principles.

Eye drops:

• The substance is injected 1-2 drops into the conjunctival sac. The intensity of administration is 4 times a day, observing a four-hour interval.
• According to indications, the dosage can be increased to 6-8 procedures.
• After the treatment has achieved the desired therapeutic effect, the dosage can be reduced and drops can be used only when interacting with an irritant.

Spray:

• The drug was synthesized for intranasal use.
• 2.8 mg is injected into each nasal passage, which corresponds to one click on the bottle. Intensity of intake – 4 rubles/day.
• According to indications, the dosage can be increased, then the drug is taken 6 times a day.
• The duration of therapy is 4 weeks, but may vary according to the doctor’s decision.
• The withdrawal of the medication is carried out gradually, over 7 days.

Notes:

• Before using the product, remove the protective cap, after which you should press the sprayer about 3-4 times. This will allow you to achieve uniform dosing of the active component.
• The nasal passages must be cleared.
• The nozzle is carefully inserted into the nose, and together with inhalation, the sprayer is pressed all the way.
• After use, the bottle is wiped and closed with a lid.

Inhalation solution:

• The procedure is carried out using an inhaler, into which the contents of 1 bottle are placed. Intensity – 4 rubles/day, preferably at equal time intervals.
• According to indications, the frequency of administration can be increased to 6 r.
• To depressurize the bottle, cut off the top marked element.

Overdose

The drug has low toxicity; no cases of overdose have been recorded.

Antihistamine spray is used intranasally, that is, it is injected into the nasal passages. The aerosol is used 4 times a day, one dose in each nostril. The maximum permissible number of injections per day is 6. The injection, during which 2.8 mg of cromoglycic acid is released, is performed by pressing the bottle once. This amount is equal to one dose.

The daily maximum antihistamine for an adult is 11.2 mg. After a day of using the product, the person’s condition stabilizes, so the frequency of use is gradually reduced and injections are stopped until the next manifestation of the allergy.

CromoHEXAL is a nasal spray, which in maximum dosage is recommended for use only by adults with a complex allergic reaction. In this case, the daily amount of cromoglycate should not exceed 16.8 mg. Injecting the nasal spray six times requires caution.

Before inserting the dispenser mounted on the bottle into the nostril, you should remove the cap and make sure that the spray is distributed and dosed correctly by making three test presses. Before using CromoHEXAL, like any other nasal drug, it is necessary to clear your nose of excess mucus.

While inhaling, press the dispenser and inject the spray once into the nostril, then repeat the manipulation with the second nasal passage. After the procedure, the sprayer must be wiped dry and the protective cap must be put on.

In the case of constant presence of irritants, the course of treatment with CromoHEXAL should not exceed 30 days. As a rule, this period is enough for patients to stabilize their condition and achieve long-term remission. The course of treatment should be completed smoothly, gradually reducing the dosage during the last week of using the spray.

Periodic use of CromoHEXAL is allowed in order to prevent a relapse of an allergic reaction before possible contact with provocateurs.

There is no exact information about an excess of cromoglycic acid in the body. Since the drug does not participate in metabolic processes and is released almost unchanged, the likelihood of an overdose is minimal.

An excess amount of cromoglycate may result in symptoms similar to an adverse reaction:

• burning in the nose;
• the appearance of blood streaks in the mucous discharge from the nose;
• itching;
• headache.

Method of congestion and dosage

For adults and children over 5 years of age, apply one spray of the preparation into the skin nostril up to 4 times per dose.

For consumption, the dose may be increased, but dispensing the drug into the skin nostril can be carried out no more often, at least 6 times per dose.

To start using the drug, it is possible to use the drug Cromo SANDOZ® for 2-3 days. In some cases of measles, combination therapy with antihistamines may also occur.

Once clinical symptoms have stabilized, a dose reduction can be tried.

In case of seasonal allergic rhinitis, treatment should be started immediately after the first symptoms appear, or it should be applied prophylactically before the patient comes into contact with the known allergen. After achieving a therapeutic effect, it is possible to increase the intervals between dosing of the drug. The next step is carried out step by step, continuing for 1 year.

The triviality of the illness lies in view of the severity of the illness.

Instructions for Cromohexal for inhalation, dosage

According to the instructions, Cromohexal for inhalation is intended for spraying through a nebulizer, each plastic ampoule contains 20 mg of cromoglycate and water (up to 2 ml), it must be mixed with sterile saline in equal proportions - take 2 ml of solvent for 2 ml of medicine.

Dosage for an adult patient – ​​1 ampoule 4 times a day at equal intervals. In severe cases, the number of sessions is increased to 6; after improvement, they switch to maintenance therapy - 1 ampoule 2 times a day. If it is necessary to discontinue Cromohexal, this is done for a week, every other day reducing the dose by 0.5 ml. If bronchial asthma worsens during this period, the dose is temporarily increased, and after a while it is gradually reduced again.

A compressor, ultrasonic nebulizer and MESH-type inhaler are suitable for spraying the drug. It is best to use a mouthpiece or face mask for inhalation during the procedure.

Cromohexal nasal aerosol is available in the pharmacy chain; it is used for allergic rhinitis and is not suitable for inhalation. Also, Cromohexal eye drops cannot be sprayed through a nebulizer.

Release form of the drug Kromhexal

Is it possible for children

For children, Cromohexal is approved from 2 years of age, a single dosage from 2 to 5 years is 1 ml of the drug and 3 ml of saline solution per inhalation. You need to carry out 4 procedures per day until the condition improves, then switch to maintenance therapy - 2 sessions per day. After 5 years, you can use the same amount of the drug as for an adult.

During pregnancy

The drug is not prescribed to pregnant women; use in the first trimester is especially dangerous. You should also avoid using Cromohexal during breastfeeding, as it passes into milk.

Contraindications

Cromohexal is contraindicated in case of individual intolerance, children under 2 years of age, pregnant and lactating women. The medication is used with caution in severe kidney and liver diseases.

Possible complications

The most common consequence of inhalation with Cromohexal is hoarseness and cough. Less commonly, bronchospasm is possible, then before the session you need to use a drug with a bronchodilator effect for the first days. Rare complications may include:

• skin redness, rash, swelling;
• increased sensitivity to sunlight (photodermatosis);
• general malaise;
• sleep disturbance;
• irritability;
• hand trembling;
• tinnitus;
• unpleasant taste in the mouth, nausea;
• inflammation of the oral mucosa;
• pain in the abdomen, chest;
• heart rhythm disturbance;
• muscle and joint pain;
• difficulty urinating.

If a cough occurs after the procedure, it can be relieved with a glass of warm water.

Side effects

On the side of the dichotomy system:

Irregularities or liver problems of the nasal mucosa, epistasis, coughing, cough, rhinorrhea, mild dry throat, difficulty breathing, nasal mucosal edema, nosebleeds.

On the side of the nervous system:

headache, confusion, migraine.

On the side of the immune system:

allergic reactions, hypersensitivity reactions, including itching, dyspnea, bronchospasm, angioedema of the face, lips, tongue, cheek, anaphylactic reactions, arthralgia.

From the side of the skin:

vysipannya, kropivyanka, sverbizh, exanthema.

On the side of the scolio-intestinal tract:

change in taste, dysphagia, boredom, vomiting, abdominal pain, mucosal irritations.

On the side of the cardiovascular system:

arterial hypotension.

Inshi:

lacrimation.

Release form

Cromohexal is available in the form:

• Cromohexal nasal spray. One dose of the drug contains 2.8 mg of cromoglycic acid. Excipients - sodium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, EDTA, sorbitol, sodium monohydrogen phosphate, distilled water. In plastic bottles with a dispenser, 15 ml (contains 85 doses) and 30 ml (170 doses);
• 2% Cromohexal eye drops. 10 ml in bottles;
• Solution for inhalation in disposable bottles containing 2 ml of solution.

Instructions for use and dosage

To achieve a positive result, the patient must strictly follow the rules:

• Before injecting the medicine, clean the nasal passages;
• Before the first use, remove the protective cap, press the dispenser to obtain a sufficiently strong stream;
• optimal dosage – one press (one-time dose), frequency – 4 times a day;
• maximum daily dosage – 6 single doses;
• When a noticeable result is achieved, the doctor reduces the frequency of use for one day. When the condition improves, allergists recommend injecting the product only upon contact with the irritant;
• The optimal course duration is 1 month. Canceling the nasal spray is a gradual stage (the frequency of injections is reduced over the course of a week).