Augmentin for sinusitis in adults: treatment, dosage, instructions

Sinusitis is a serious disease that requires an integrated approach to treatment. If it is caused by pathogenic bacteria, then you cannot do without taking antibiotics. They are selected depending on the severity of the disease and the type of pathogenic microflora, and the characteristics of the patient’s body are also taken into account. When sinusitis is advanced and the inflammatory process is severe, preference is given to injectable forms of antibiotics. It is in such cases that Cefotaxime is often prescribed for sinusitis.

Diseases for which Cefotaxime is effective

Cefotaxime is used for diseases caused by pathogens sensitive to the drug. Indications for its use may be:

pneumonia;
angina;
bronchitis;
otitis;
sinusitis;
septicemia;
pleurisy;
bacteremia;
meningitis;
salmonellosis;
sepsis;
infected burns and wounds;
gonorrhea;
endocarditis;
abdominal infections;
infectious bone lesions;
borreliosis;
shigelosis;
prevention of complications in the postoperative period.

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Contraindications

Cefotaxime is contraindicated in the presence of the following factors:

Hypersensitivity or individual intolerance to certain components of the drug.
Bleeding.
Pregnancy and lactation period.
Kidney and liver diseases.

For kidney and liver diseases, Cefotaxime is contraindicated.
Under certain circumstances, minor side effects may occur: allergic reactions, neuromuscular irritability, nausea, diarrhea, dysbacteriosis, arrhythmia, dizziness, tissue inflammation, etc.

If these symptoms occur, seek immediate help from an experienced and qualified physician.

Use for sinusitis

Cefotaxime is often used in the treatment of sinusitis in a hospital setting. This is due to its powerful antibacterial effect, which provides effective treatment of even the most complex forms of the disease that require hospitalization.

The drug is active against the main pathogens of sinusitis. It also has an important property that is necessary for this disease, namely, it penetrates into tissues and sputum. Due to this, a maximum concentration of the drug is created in the area of the inflammatory process, which allows you to quickly cope with pathogenic microbes and prevent further spread of the infectious process.

All patients are concerned about how many days to inject Cefotaxime for sinusitis. The answer to the question of how many days it will take to cure sinusitis can only be given by the attending physician. On average, drug therapy takes from 5 to 10 days, but in case of severe infections it can be continued.

pharmachologic effect

Cefotaxime is a 3rd generation broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic. It has a bactericidal effect by blocking the synthesis of bacterial cell membranes. The mechanism of action provides acetylation of membrane-bound transpeptidases and destruction of peptidoglycan cross-linking, which is necessary to ensure the strength and rigidity of the cell wall.

The drug is active against most gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to other antibiotics:

Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli),
Citrobacter spp.
Proteus mirabilis (protea),
Providencia spp.
Klebsiella spp. (klebsiella),
Serratia spp.,
some strains of Pseudomonas spp., Haemophilus influenzae.

The drug cefotaxime is less active against:

Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae) (streptococci),
Staphylococcus spp. (staphylococcus),
Neisseria meningitidis,
Neisseria gonorrhoeae,
Bacteroides spp.

Resistant to the action of most beta-lactamases, which weaken the effect of antibacterial drugs.

Side effects of the medicine

The drug may cause side effects. They do not appear in all patients, but only in some of the people who receive therapy with this antibiotic.

While using the medicine, you may experience:

skin rashes;
diarrhea;
hives;
nausea;
angioedema;
stomatitis;
anaphylaxis;
liver failure;
stomach ache;
bronchospasm;
candidiasis;
blood picture disorders;
headache;
dysbacteriosis;
pseudomembranous colitis;
drug fever;
weakness;
bleeding;
convulsions;
jaundice;
dyspnea;
hemolytic anemia;
cholestasis;
lowering blood pressure.

Main groups of antibiotics for sinusitis

Antibiotics are not always prescribed for the treatment of sinusitis in adult patients. Before finding out which antibiotic is better, the specialist examines the patient and collects anamnesis. In mild cases, it is not necessary to include antibiotics in therapy. Failure to see a doctor promptly for sinusitis can lead to complications. It is necessary to take a course of medications for acute forms of pathology.

Medicines in this group are prescribed:

In the absence of positive results. If current treatment is useless, then medications are prescribed for the patient immediately.
Purulent complications. Medicines stop the spread of inflammation and speed up the removal of mucus, which minimizes the risk of more dangerous forms of sinusitis.
After surgery. Open surgery or puncture does not guarantee complete recovery. In order to avoid relapse, the patient is prescribed antibiotics.

Dosage forms vary. Antibiotics are commercially available in the following forms:

tablets, enteric-coated or not;
solution for injection, which is administered intramuscularly;
local drops and sprays;
solutions for inhalation.

Each form has a number of advantages. The injection is not able to have a negative effect on the gastrointestinal tract. The tablet form is taken painlessly and quickly, which is why it is most often prescribed to children. A spray with antibacterial properties acts directly on the source of inflammation. Due to their widespread use, antibiotics are divided into 2 groups based on type of origin: natural and synthetic.

Features of application

Cefotaxime can only be used as prescribed by a doctor. It is the doctor who will determine the cause and severity of the disease and select the appropriate doses of the drug, as well as the duration of treatment.

Since the drug is used only in the form of injections and infusions, treatment most often takes place in a hospital. In this case, it will not be superfluous to know the basic rules for using this tool:

Before starting treatment, you should be sure to read the instructions, which contain all the necessary information about the antibiotic. If anything becomes unclear and raises questions, you should consult your doctor.
It is prohibited to change the dose and mode of administration at your own discretion.
It is necessary to conduct a skin test for sensitivity to the drug before its first use.
Before injecting Cefotaxime into the gluteal muscles, it is diluted with water for injection, a solution of novocaine or lidocaine.
If the drug is injected into a vein, the solvent can only be water for injection or sodium chloride solution.
Before administering dropwise into a vein, the antibiotic is dissolved in a solution of glucose or sodium chloride.
The drug is used 2 times a day, with an interval of 12 hours between injections.
The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease and can range from 3 to 10 days.
If any unwanted effects occur, you should consult a doctor. It is possible that the antibiotic will be discontinued and another drug will be prescribed.
If severe diarrhea occurs during or after treatment, you should seek medical help. This may be a sign of pseudomembranous colitis, which cannot be treated with antidiarrheals.
When taking oral contraceptives, you should take additional measures to prevent unwanted pregnancy, since Cefotaxime reduces the effectiveness of these drugs.

Dosage for adults and children

Antibiotics for any group of patients should be taken strictly according to the instructions for use. It indicates the standard dosage of Augmentin for sinusitis.

If the disease is particularly severe, the norm may be changed. A specialist will be able to tell you how to take the drug after the examination.

For adults

In the instructions for the medicine, the dosage for adults is 500 mg twice a day or 250 mg every 8 hours. It is allowed to increase the dose for complications arising from a runny nose, chronic sinusitis and sinusitis up to 875 mg twice a day.

Drug interactions

Cefotaxime may interact with other drugs. Therefore, it is necessary to inform your doctor about all medications used to correct therapy and prevent the development of health-threatening conditions.

It is not recommended to take antibiotics together with:

aminoglycosides;
loop diuretics;
polymyxin;
colistin;
tetracyclines;
chloramphenicol;
erythromycin;
nifedipine;
probenecid.

Analogs of cefotaxime

Analogues are drugs that have a similar therapeutic effect. They may contain the same active substance or an analogue of its derivatives. At the same time, analogues may have different contraindications and side effects that differ from the action of the main drug. You need to remember this when buying such drugs in pharmacies.

In general, analogs, together with the main drug, are included in the same pharmacological group of drugs. Such drugs are selected when there is an allergy or intolerance to one of the components of the drug. Only the attending physician can choose the appropriate analogue of the drug.

In addition to analogues, there are synonyms that give different names to tablets that contain one active substance, in this case mitranidazole. Such drugs differ only in the price set by the drug manufacturer. Such drugs are also called generics, since they are cheaper, but act the same as the more advertised drug. To analogues

Structural analogues of the active substance:

Intrataxim;
Kefotex;
Clafobrine;
Claforan;
Clafotaxime;
Liforan;
Oritax;
Oritaxim;
Resibelacta;
Spirosine;
Tax-o-bid;
Talcephus;
Tarcefoxime;
Tirotax;
Cetax;
Cephabol;
Cefantral;
Cefosin;
Cefotaxime Lek;
Cefotaxime sodium;
Cefotaxime Sandoz;
Cefotaxime Vial;
Cefotaxime sodium salt.

Treatment of sinusitis with antibiotics

It is known that antibiotics are powerful drugs that effectively destroy pathogens and prevent the disease from becoming chronic. They treat sinusitis in cases where the cause is a bacterial infection. If the disease is caused by viruses, it is not advisable to use antibiotics. The decision about which drugs to prescribe for sinusitis is made by the doctor after a detailed examination of the patient and laboratory tests. A suitable antibiotic is considered to be the one to which the pathogen is most sensitive.

Antibiotic nasal drops

Recommended for mild forms of the disease, at the initial stage to relieve exacerbations. Local antibiotics for sinusitis are considered the safest and most harmless because they are not absorbed into the systemic bloodstream. As a rule, the body quickly gets used to them, so the therapeutic effect lasts no more than 5-6 days. The following drops can be used:

Polydexa. Contains antibiotics polymyxin, neomycin, which have a detrimental effect on most bacteria. The product makes breathing easier and stops inflammatory processes.
Isofra. The active ingredient is framycetin, which has a pronounced bactericidal effect. These antibiotic drops for sinusitis are effective against many bacteria, but are useless against pneumococcus.
Spray for sinusitis Bioparox. The antibiotic spray contains the active substance fusafungin. Destructive for many bacteria and fungal microorganisms.

Tablets for sinusitis

More effective than nasal drops and non-addictive. Tablets for sinusitis relieve inflammation, eliminate the causes of the disease, reduce swelling, and accelerate the removal of mucus that accumulates in the sinuses. To achieve results, the patient is recommended to combine tablets with drops and sprays. Penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and macrolides can be used for treatment. Find out what antibiotics can be used for ENT diseases in adults.

Penicillin antibiotics

The most common type of antibiotics for sinusitis used by doctors. They effectively eliminate the most complex symptoms of sinusitis and have a small number of side effects. Their only drawback is that they only affect certain types of bacteria. Penicillin antibiotics include:

Amoxicillin. Destroys gram-negative bacilli, the main types of cocci. It is recommended to take it for a short time, because bacteria quickly stop reacting to the active substance. A single dose is approximately 250-500 mg.
Augmentin. In addition to amoxicillin, the drug contains another active substance – clavulanic acid, which affects a wide range of bacteria. Relief occurs within a day after taking the tablets. Allowed during breastfeeding, in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Cephalosporins in tablets

The main features of these antibiotics for sinusitis are a wide spectrum of action and greater resistance to pathogenic microflora compared to penicillins. They are based on aminocephalosporic acid. The group of cephalosporins includes:

Cephalexin. The drug belongs to the first generation. Effective against those microorganisms that are not affected by penicillins. Not recommended for children under 3 years of age or pregnant women.
Suprax. A modern third-generation drug with a wide spectrum of effects. The effect is achieved by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Shows activity within 24 hours after administration.

Latest generation macrolides

Antibiotics are used both to treat the acute phase of sinusitis and for chronic forms of the disease. They are safe, the effect is achieved by blocking the growth of bacteria and inhibiting reproduction. Macrolides have an anti-inflammatory effect and regulate immunity. This group includes:

Azithromycin. The tablets are quickly absorbed into the blood; the active substances can remain in areas of inflammation for a long time, providing a beneficial effect. Take 1 time per day.
Josamycin. The effect is achieved due to disruption of protein synthesis in microbes, slowing down their growth, reproduction, and bactericidal effects. Has little effect on the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract.

Fluoroquinolones

Antibiotics of this group are highly active; they are often prescribed to patients who have not been helped by other tablets. Medicines are very effective because many bacteria have not yet developed immunity to them. Group drugs:

Ofloxacin. The medicine belongs to the group of reserve drugs - it is recommended to prescribe it if other antibacterial agents have not helped. After taking it, other antibiotics will not be effective.
Moxifloxacin. Antibacterial drug. Take 1 time per day, dosage – 400 mg.

Nasal thinning sprays

Below are the names of popular nasal sprays that dilute and remove mucus well.

Contains plant components: cyclamen extract and juice. Stimulates reflex secretion and improves the outflow of nasal sinus contents, promotes natural drainage of the sinuses. Has anti-edematous and vasoconstrictive effects. Can be used with antibiotic nasal drops for sinusitis.

Rinofluimucil

Active components: acetylcysteine and tuaminoheptane provide mucolytic (thinning), anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictor and pronounced anti-edematous effect.

Treatment of sinusitis with drops

To reduce the risk of complications, it is necessary to immediately begin treatment when the first signs of sinusitis appear. Drops for sinusitis are suitable for these purposes. Most often they are produced with an antibiotic in the composition.

The use of antibiotic drops is necessary in cases where the runny nose is of bacterial origin. It is important to know that there are also allergic, viral and vasomotor forms of the runny nose. For these forms of rhinitis, the use of antibacterial nasal drops is not advisable.

You can distinguish other forms of runny nose from bacterial rhinitis or sinusitis by the color of the discharge from the nasal passages. In case of sinusitis, the discharge is yellow-green mixed with pus.

In general, the state of health is disturbed with the bacterial form of the runny nose. Body temperature often rises, headache, severe congestion and nasal distension appear. In this case, immediate treatment must be started to avoid severe and life-threatening complications.

Release forms

Zinnat was one of the first remedies that successfully proved itself in the treatment of chronic upper respiratory tract infections. It is widely used for the treatment of both adults and children, which required the creation of a universal release form. It is worth understanding that this aspect is extremely important, since it depends on:

ease of reception;
speed of use of the product;
general toxic effect on the body.

In order to speed up recovery as much as possible and minimize damage to the body, Zinnat is available in the form of tablets or granules. The tablets are coated with a film coating, which is lysed in the stomach, and then the drug is absorbed in the lower intestines. This “trick” allows you to reduce the aggressiveness of the drug towards the gastric mucosa, which reduces the likelihood of developing ulcerative processes.

Video: drugs for the treatment of sinusitis in adults

Kira, 32 years old: Since childhood, I have suffered from frontal sinuses, sinusitis, and constant nasal congestion, so I always have nasal drops on hand. But one day they stopped helping me, and I turned to a therapist. He said that I had sinusitis. She was treated with antibiotics: Cefazolin, Ceftriaxone. They helped, so I am grateful to the doctor for the correct treatment!

Vera, 40 years old: I often come across discussions online about the treatment of sinus inflammation. As a doctor, I can say for sure that in the case of the bacterial form, you need to take a comprehensive approach: be sure to take antibiotics (at least inexpensive ones), and use local medications. I recommend a reliable antibiotic for sinusitis in adults, its name is Dioxidin. Write it down for later.

Kirill, 29 years old: If I had inflammation of the sinuses, I would not experiment and use topical antibiotics. I don’t trust them - I had a disastrous experience using them as a child. Injections and antibiotics for sinusitis are the best and only solution. For example, my wife was cured thanks to a cheap drug - Ceftriaxone. No longer sick.

Sinusitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinuses. The disease is accompanied by swelling of the nasal mucosa, as a result of which the exits for clearing the sinuses of accumulated mucus are blocked. Bacteria that cause inflammation begin to actively multiply, causing a deterioration in a person’s general condition.

Signs of sinusitis in adults - a high temperature may rise, severe headaches appear, the sense of smell decreases, nasal congestion, photophobia, and lacrimation develop. There is a feeling of tightness and pain in the affected sinus.

Treatment of sinusitis in adults

First of all, it is necessary to create a good outflow of pus from the inflamed sinuses. And also suppress the infection in the affected area - the maxillary sinus. The full course of treatment for sinusitis takes from 2 to 8 weeks; the advanced process is more difficult to treat.

Sinusitis treatment with antibiotics: The most important thing here is to choose the right antibiotic, the choice of which is based on determining sensitivity, otherwise antibiotic therapy may not be effective, and the recovery process will be delayed. Effective: Sumamed for sinusitis (azithromycin), Amoxiclav (or Augmentin), 3rd generation cephalosproins, etc. If intoxication is pronounced, then antibiotics are prescribed intramuscularly. If you have signs of sinusitis, immediately contact an otolaryngologist who will prescribe appropriate treatment.
In case of severe pain, doctors rinse the paranasal sinuses, as well as if there is copious discharge of pus.
To enhance the effect, laser treatment for sinusitis may be prescribed.
In case of chronic processes in the sinuses, they resort to puncture, or puncture of the sinuses. Then the sinuses are washed with an antiseptic and antibiotics are administered.
Physiotherapy is also an effective method of treating sinusitis - ultraviolet irradiation, UHF, Sollux, and dynamic currents have a good effect.

What are the best nasal drops to use if you have sinusitis?

Antibiotic nasal drops: Treatment of sinusitis can be supplemented with topical use of antibacterial agents. The pharmaceutical industry is now rich in various sprays and products for instillation into the nasal cavity containing antibiotics.

Isofra for sinusitis, average price (2018) 300-350 rubles.
Polydex with phenylephrine and a hormonal drug - dexamethasone, price in pharmacies is 350-450 rubles.

Sinuforte for sinusitis is an adjuvant, cyclamen extract, not an antibiotic, but a fairly effective drug, price 1800-2500 rubles. See list of all nasal drops.

Antiseptic drops:

Okomistin - 170-200 rubles.
Octenisept - 450-550 rubles
Protargol (Sialor) 240 -300 rub.
Dioxidin - 250 rub.

Vasoconstrictor nasal drops: their use facilitates nasal breathing and restores natural drainage of the sinuses. With their help, swelling of the nasal mucosa is instantly relieved and the cleansing of the nasal sinus is facilitated. They can only be used for 5 days, as there is a risk of atrophy of the nasal mucosa.

Nazivin - price 120-180 rubles.
For nose - price 80-120 rubles.
Galazolin - price 30-40 rubles.
Nazol - 130-200 rubles.
Rinostop - 40 rub.

In case of allergic sinusitis, antihistamine therapy is indicated.

Cromohexal, Lecrolin - drops 90 rub.
Tizin Allergy - 360 rub.
Allergodil - drops on average 350 rubles, spray 430 rubles.

Cetirizine – price 240-260 rubles.
Loratidine – price 15 rubles.

How to drip into your nose correctly. First you need to clear the nasal passages of mucus, it is better to use:

Aqualor - spray 320 rub.
Dolphin for sinusitis - a device and sachets of mixture for cleaning the nose, the price ranges from 200 to 350 rubles.
Quicks - spray, price in pharmacies 280-320 rubles.

Then instill vasoconstrictor drops and only then instill nasal drops for sinusitis containing an antibiotic, antiseptic or antihistamine. It is necessary to drip only while lying on your side, instill into the nostril that is located below. You should not turn over to the other side right away; you need to lie down for a while so that the drops get into the affected sinuses, only then apply the drops into the other nostril and also lie down for a few minutes.

Sinusitis is an inflammation that has developed in the maxillary sinus and affected the mucous membranes.

Very often, various nasal drops are prescribed for treatment, which alleviate the main manifestations of the disease. These can be vasoconstrictors or antibacterial drugs, as well as drops with citramen.

The disease causes many inconveniences for adults - a person suffering from sinusitis is diagnosed with fever, headaches, decreased sense of smell, photophobia and swelling of the nasal mucosa. All this is accompanied by weakness and loss of strength.