instructions for use, reviews, analogs and release forms (tablets 100 mg, 250 mg and 500 mg, ophthalmic and external ointment) of a medicinal product for the treatment of sore throat, acne (pimples) in adults, children, etc.

How does Erythromycin work?

This drug belongs to macrolide antibiotic substances. It helps get rid of gram-positive bacteria. They are staphylococci, streptococci and pneumococci.

It also has a negative effect on pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to other antibiotics, especially penicillin antibiotics

High concentrations of this drug in the body lead to the destruction of the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane. In addition, the product has a bacteriostatic effect on pathogenic cells. This drug does not have a negative effect on Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as Shigella and Salmonella. The bioavailability of the drug ranges from 30 to 65%. After administration, it is evenly distributed in body fluids and tissues. The binding of the active substance to plasma proteins is from 70 to 90%. The drug is metabolized in liver cells. The drug is excreted together with urine and bile.

For what form of sore throat can it be used, how does it work?

The drug effectively fights streptococci, staphylococci and pneumococci

Sore throat begins to develop against the background of inflammation of the tonsils. The main reason for the spread of the pathological process is streptococci. They enter the body through airborne droplets, food, or handshakes. Bacteria are not immune to many penicillin drugs and cephalosporins. That is why antibacterial agents are prescribed for sore throat.

Thus, Erythromycin helps to cope with diseases caused by various types of bacteria. Penicillin drugs often cannot be used due to individual intolerance. In such cases, Erythromycin is prescribed. The drug is non-toxic and has a negative effect on pathogenic microorganisms, causing their death.

The drug is also effective against pneumococcal infections, meningococcus, syphilis, Brucella, and gonococcus. That is why the drug is prescribed for all forms of angina.

Dosage and rules of use

"Erythromycin" belongs to the group of antibacterial drugs. It has a negative effect not only on pathogenic microorganisms. The product can also have a detrimental effect on beneficial microflora. Experts recommend taking tablets after meals or during meals. They should be washed down with plenty of water.

Tablets should be taken one hour before meals and 2 hours after meals

In cases where a sore throat occurs with pronounced symptoms, you should take tablets every 4 hours. The dosage should not exceed more than 2 grams of active substance. An increase in dosage is possible only after consultation with the attending physician, who will conduct a diagnosis and determine the need to increase the dose of the drug.

Treatment of sore throat in children is carried out using a suspension. This form of the drug is convenient to use. The daily dosage is calculated depending on the baby’s weight and is 20-40 mg per 1 kg of weight. The course of treatment depends primarily on the severity of the pathology. On average, the duration of treatment is from 10 to 14 days. The daily dose should be divided into 4 doses.

The drug should be given to the child at regular intervals.

Experts recommend giving children aged 3 to 6 years no more than 0.7 mg per day. For children over 6 years old and adults, the daily dose is 1 g. active substance, divided into 4 doses. Suppositories should be administered every 4 hours.

An improvement in the condition is observed after 4-5 days. But after the first symptoms of the disease have disappeared, treatment should not be completed. This is due to the fact that pathogenic microorganisms still remain on the oral mucosa and after some time a relapse occurs.

"Erythromycin" during breastfeeding

Erythromycin differs from many antibiotics in that it can be used to treat children. The period of breastfeeding is not a contraindication, even though the components included in the composition can penetrate into milk in small quantities. But treating a sore throat with Erythromycin does not require giving up breastfeeding.

More information about the use of antibiotics to treat sore throat can be found in the video:

How to quickly cure a sore throat at home: the best remedies, methods and recipes

Based on the study, experts found that antibacterial agents of the macrolide group can cause narrowing of the pyloric region of the stomach in the first three months of a child’s life. "Erythromycin" also belongs to this group, but does not lead to the development of such a side effect.

A young mother during breastfeeding should be aware that the drug can cause candidal stomatitis, diarrhea or diaper dermatitis. That is why Erythromycin should be used during breastfeeding only as prescribed by a doctor. During the treatment period, it is necessary to closely monitor the child's health.

How to take Erythromycin for adults

Each package of the drug contains detailed instructions for use. It talks about how to use it correctly. It is important to remember that the dosage and duration of taking Erythromycin for angina is prescribed only by a specialist.

The doctor takes into account the general condition of the patient and the degree of development of the disease

Erythromycin is sold in tablets coated with a white soluble film. The tablet is swallowed whole and chewing is not recommended.

1. Typically, for adults and adolescents, the drug is prescribed 1–2 grams per day. Thus, the daily dose is from 0.25 to 0.5 grams.
2. If necessary, the dosage can be increased to 2 grams. You should drink about 2 times a day. This should be done 1-2 hours before or after meals. The tablet should be taken with a small amount of liquid.
3. The course duration is from 1 week to 10 days. After eliminating the negative symptoms, the product should be used for about 2 days.

The interval between doses should be at least 6 hours.
It is important to remember that in severe cases of tonsillitis, as well as in the occurrence of infectious diseases, Erythromycin is used in the form of intravenous injections.

In this video you will learn how to place an IV at home:

For streptococcal sore throat, be sure to take antibiotics

No matter how widespread the opinion is about the need to take medications, they are not always necessary, but in this case, their use is important.

First of all, they are prescribed by specialists to prevent complications of some kind. Such drugs do not have a great effect on the severity of angina and the duration of its treatment.

The biggest mistake that every patient makes is to stop taking them as soon as they feel significantly better. For a complete recovery, it is necessary to fully follow the doctor’s instructions and observe bed rest, and not rush to get out of bed and show weakness in relation to soft drinks and walks in the fresh air unless absolutely necessary.

But you should be aware that if you neglect treatment, complications may arise (otitis media, for example) in the first 14 days of the onset of the disease, abscess of the tonsils within 2 months from the onset of the disease.

Pus will gradually accumulate on the inflamed tonsils and, when inhaled, can easily enter the lungs, this, in turn, will provoke the appearance of pneumonia and its aggravation.

How to take Erythromycin for children

A frequent question from parents to a specialist: “How to take Erythromycin for children?”

Doctors note that for children the drug is prescribed in a slightly different dose, which depends on the age of the patient:

• for young children - the drug is prescribed by a specialist, taking into account the baby’s weight and the stage of development of the disease;
• for children over 1 year old, the drug can be given per day in a dosage of 0.2 to 0.4 grams per 1 kg of baby’s weight;
• for children over 3 years old - the daily dose of the drug is from 0.3 to 0.5 grams per 1 kg of weight.

Interactions with drugs

Only a specialist can prescribe Erythromycin for sore throat in children and adults, since the drug is not compatible with all medications.

1. Reduces the effectiveness of antibiotics of the penicillin group, cephalosporins, carbapenems
2. Suppress the effect of hormonal contraceptives
3. Incompatible with lincomycin
4. Increases the concentration of drugs that are metabolized in the liver (theophylline, hexobarbital, disopyramide, etc.)
5. When using new generation antihistamines (Terfenadine or Astemizole) together, a malfunction of the heart muscle or narrowing of blood vessels may develop.

When starting to take Erythromycin for sore throat, adults should read the instructions for use. If compatibility of the prescribed drugs is not possible, Erythromycin should be changed to a similar antibiotic.

Side effects

There is a high probability of the following unpleasant symptoms:

1. Complete or partial loss of auditory activity. This usually occurs in older patients and those suffering from liver and kidney failure.
2. The patient develops liver failure.
3. The appearance of a yellow tint on the surface of the skin. This symptom usually appears a week or two after the first dose.
4. The presence of symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pain in the abdominal area, the development of tenesmus, dysbacteriosis, cholestatic jaundice and diarrhea.
5. The appearance of noise in the ear canals and the development of arrhythmia.
6. The presence of rash, redness and urticaria, as well as the development of eosinophilia and anaphylactic shock.
7. When women develop candidiasis of the vagina and oral cavity, the presence of flutter and fibrillation in the atria, the formation of tachycardia.

If such signs appear in a patient, then he should take activated charcoal and check the condition of his respiratory system.

If the patient has taken a large dose of the drug, it is recommended that he call an ambulance to lavage the stomach.

Doctors strongly do not recommend using this antibiotic frequently. This can lead to the development of body resistance to the active substances included in the drug.

It is important to remember that patients should not take the drug on their own, without a doctor’s prescription. This can lead to exacerbation of symptoms and a sharp deterioration in health. If any unpleasant signs appear, the patient should consult a specialist. Only a doctor can carry out and adjust the prescribed treatment.

Contraindications to the use of antibiotics

If liver function is impaired, taking an antibiotic is prohibited!

"Erythromycin" is not prescribed to patients who have previously suffered from jaundice, as well as in the presence of liver and kidney diseases.

Also, when using the drug in complex therapy, it should be taken into account that it cannot be combined with many medications.

A contraindication to the use of Erythromycin is also during pregnancy. The drug is strictly prohibited for use for the treatment of sore throat in expectant mothers. This is due to the fact that the active substance of the drug tends to penetrate the placenta, which leads to the development of serious consequences. But in certain cases, Erythromycin may be prescribed.

The need to use the drug is determined by the attending physician, who will assess all possible risks.

The drug for the treatment of sore throat in children is not used in cases where the child has suffered jaundice, has liver failure and hypersensitivity to macrolide drugs.

Side effects and overdose

Taking the drug incorrectly or overdosing may cause nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.

If the medicine is used incorrectly or the dosage is exceeded, side effects may occur. Among them are:

1. Intoxication. Manifests itself in the form of nausea and vomiting.
2. Disorders of the digestive system and liver.
3. Changes in the performance of the cardiovascular system.
4. Tachycardia.
5. An allergic reaction in the form of skin rash, itching, redness of the upper layer of the epidermis.

In cases where the patient regularly exceeds the dose prescribed by the attending physician, signs of overdose appear. The most common symptoms are vomiting, nausea, and pain in the abdominal area. With regular and prolonged excess of the required dosage, fever appears, jaundice, liver failure and hepatitis develop.

Also, in case of an overdose, signs of allergy may appear in the form of rashes.

The most dangerous symptom is anaphylactic shock. In the presence of renal failure, the use of Erythromycin causes temporary hearing loss.

In case of overdose, you must first rinse your stomach and take activated charcoal. Experts recommend immediately contacting a specialist, as aspiration is possible.

In cases where two-week use of the drug in any form is required, it is recommended to supplement the therapy with an antifungal drug. This is due to the fact that with prolonged use of Erythromycin, candidiasis may develop.

Interaction with other drugs

Erythromycin reduces the effect of beta-lactam antibiotics

"Erythromycin" is an antibacterial drug and requires caution when used.

The drug cannot always be used in complex therapy and has some interactions with other drugs:

• Theophylline", "Aminophylline" and "Caffeine". When taken simultaneously, there is a significant increase in the amount of the active substance in the blood, which leads to the development of side effects.
• "Cyclosporine." It also increases the concentration of the active substance in the patient’s blood.
• "Clindamycin", "Lincomycin" and "Chloramphenicol". They are not compatible with Erythromycin and cannot be used in the same treatment regimen.
• Also, in complex therapy, the simultaneous use of Cephalosporin, Carbapenem and Erythromycin is not used, which is due to a decrease in the bactericidal effect of the drug. The drug also significantly reduces the effectiveness of hormonal drugs.

"Erythromycin" is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. It is used to treat sore throat and other inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Prescribed for both children and adults. In order to avoid the development of side effects, it is recommended not to exceed the dosage indicated by the doctor and follow the rules of use.

Amoxiclav for angina - properties and instructions for use of the antibiotic

Bicillins

Drugs

Domestic: Bicillin-1, Bicillin-3, Bicillin-5.

Imported: Moldamine, Retarpen, Extensillin.

Efficiency

The main feature of bicillins is their very long action. After intramuscular administration, they are not excreted from the body for several weeks, which ensures a long-term effect on the infection and reliable prevention of complications of angina.

At the same time, these antibiotics for angina are ineffective in situations where the causative agent of the disease is resistant to penicillins. Therefore, their use necessarily requires determination of the sensitivity of the pathogen.

Safety and side effects

Bicillins are quite safe, and the side effects they are characterized by are mainly allergic reactions, usually in the form of urticaria, in exceptional cases - up to anaphylactic shock. Moreover, the more weakened the patient is, the higher his likelihood of allergies. For this reason, children, elderly patients, and pregnant women should remain under medical supervision for at least 3 hours after a bicillin injection.

Manifestations of Quincke's edema when taking antibiotics.

Features of application

Bicillins are administered into the body only intramuscularly due to their low solubility in water. The dose of the drug is determined depending on its type and the condition of the patient.

As a rule, full therapy requires 1-4 injections with an interval of 3 days to 4 weeks, depending on the drug and the purpose of its use.

Bicillin injections are very painful; extensive infiltrates remain at the injection sites of the antibiotic, which do not resolve for a long time.

Additional Information

More often than for the treatment of sore throat, bicillins are used to prevent its complications when previous therapy is ineffective. In some cases, patients require year-round bicillin prophylaxis, when one injection of an antibiotic is given once a month. Also, these antibiotics are used in situations where the sore throat has already become complicated. For example, the preferred antibiotics for angina and otitis with confirmed sensitivity of the pathogen are bicillins.

Injections of antibiotics in general and bicillins in particular are very painful

Bicillins are also used in situations where there are justified doubts about the patient’s compliance or the possibility of long-term therapy. In particular, they are used in psychiatric clinics and correctional institutions; also, in expeditionary conditions, it is more rational to give the patient one injection instead of regularly following the treatment regimen. Or, for example, for a street teenager of 14 years old, it is most convenient to prescribe an antibiotic for a sore throat in the form of bicillin, since there is a high probability that he will leave the clinic without permission or will not adhere to the specified treatment regimen.

If it is necessary to provide emergency assistance with a limited choice of medications, the victim is given the antibiotic that is on hand.

All bicillins are mixtures of salts of benzylpenicillin, the very first penicillin discovered. These are benzathine, potassium and potassium salts.

What antibiotics won't help with a sore throat?

There is also a whole group of antibiotics that are useless to take for sore throat. These are mainly topical substances:

• Fusafungin is part of the well-known Bioparox spray, which was previously actively used as an aid for sore throat;
• Gramicidin S, the active ingredient in the preparations Gramicidin S and Grammidin Neo;
• Tyrothricin, which is part of Stopangin 2A sucking tablets, Trachisan tablets and gargling solution;
• Neomycin and polymyxin are antibiotics that are part of the nasal spray Polydex, which is sometimes used to spray into the throat.

Solutions and lozenges with antiseptics have nothing to do with the effective treatment of sore throats

All these substances, when they enter the gastrointestinal tract, are either completely broken down or have zero absorption and are completely eliminated from the intestines. Accordingly, they do not enter the bloodstream and cannot affect the infection during sore throat. Their effectiveness when applied topically when dissolving tablets is questionable and has not been experimentally proven.

On a note

Gramicidin C should not be administered intravenously due to its high toxicity.

Also, due to the high resistance of bacteria and low effectiveness for angina, the use of such antibiotics is irrational:

• Tetracyclines;
• Sulfonamides;
• Fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin);
• Co-trimoxazole.

Antibiotics such as chloramphenicol (the drug Levomycetin) when used systemically are too dangerous and their use for sore throat is not justified.

Levomycetin causes severe side effects when used systemically and therefore is not prescribed for angina.

There is no point in using so-called “natural antibiotics” for sore throat, as some folk remedies are called - onions, garlic, aloe juice, Kalanchoe, cyclamen. All of them have no effect on streptococcal infection, and attempts to replace the use of effective antibiotics with them are fraught with the development of complications of sore throat.

Antibiotics for sore throat in children - names

Many patients and especially parents of young patients are often interested in the question of how many days to take antibiotics for a sore throat? The specific period for taking the drug may depend on the form of the disease and the individual characteristics of the patient. Only a doctor can prescribe the amount of medicine. As a rule, antibiotics are taken for 7 to 15 days.

As stated above, only a qualified specialist can correctly prescribe and prescribe medications. And self-medication is the worst enemy of recovery. However, it will not be superfluous to have a general idea of ​​which antibiotics are best to take for a sore throat.

Attempts at cure without antibiotic therapy are always fraught with risk for the patient, since events can develop in two ways: either the treatment will not give any result at all and the dangerous pathology will progress, or the patient will recover, but very slowly.

And yet, what antibiotics to take for a sore throat? Among the most commonly used agents are Augmentin, Amoxiclav, Ceftriaxone, Zinnat, Ceffix, Erythromycin, Cefuroxime, Amoxicillin, Penicillin, Sumamed (Azithromycin). , “Benzylpenicillin”, “Klacid”, “Bioparox” and others.

Price of antibiotics for sore throat

Symptoms of a sore throat

The disease usually begins with the appearance of a headache, chills, indicating an increase in body temperature (the duration of the condition is about an hour and a half, then a high temperature is noted, up to 39 degrees), weakness in the body, aches in the joints, as well as pain when swallowing food and even water.

The sore throat gradually becomes more noticeable. It is felt not only during swallowing, but also at rest. Its peak often occurs in the first days of the disease. A feature of purulent tonsillitis is light (white or yellowish) pustules on the tonsils. The tonsils themselves acquire a rich red color.

Other characteristic signs of angina include the following:

• swelling of the neck;
• swelling of the pharyngeal mucosa;
• the appearance of rashes on the surface of the skin;
• inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eyes;
• abdominal pain;
• noticeable enlargement of lymph nodes, which also become painful;
• cough and runny nose.

Azithromycin

Drugs

Azitro-Sandoz, Sumamed, Sumametsin, Hemomycin, Azimed.

The photo shows a bottle of Azithro-Sandoz with powder for preparing a baby suspension:

Azithromycin in powder form for the preparation of a suspension for a child.

Efficiency

Azithromycin is effective against all pathogens of angina, including those that synthesize penicillinase and are resistant to amoxicillin and other penicillins.

This is interesting

A special feature of azithromycin is that it is transported into inflamed tissues, attaching to macrophage cells - participants in the body's immune response, which themselves move towards the source of infection. Due to this, azithromycin quickly accumulates at the site of inflammation in high concentrations and is more active than other antibiotics.

A macrophage cell whose task is to eat bacteria dangerous to the body.

Safety and side effects

Like other macrolides, azithromycin often causes digestive disorders, in particular diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain. Moreover, in children these side effects are observed more often. Other consequences of its use - drowsiness, headaches, allergies - occur with approximately the same frequency as with the use of penicillins.

It is because of the side effects that azithromycin is used mainly when amoxicillin is unlikely to help.

Features of application

Azithromycin is known for the fact that for sore throat it is taken for 5 days - less than any other oral antibiotics. Wherein:

1. Adults are prescribed 1 tablet of a drug based on azithromycin on the first day, and half a tablet over the next 4 days;
2. Children are prescribed 10 mg per kg of body weight on the first day, then 5 mg per kg of body weight per day for 4 days.

There is also a regimen of taking the drug lasting 3 days, when adults are given 1 tablet per day, children - 10 mg per kg of body weight per day. However, as practice shows, when using such a regimen, treatment is often unsuccessful.

Structural formula of azithromycin

Azithromycin preparations for angina are prescribed in the form of tablets or suspensions. They should be taken one hour before meals or two hours after them. Azithromycin is partially broken down by gastric juice, and taking it simultaneously with food greatly reduces the effectiveness of therapy.

Additional Information

Azithromycin is an improved version of erythromycin. Compared to its predecessor, it is more stable in the acidic environment of the digestive system and is more completely absorbed, and also less likely to cause side effects.

In the Russian Federation, angina pathogens show resistance to azithromycin in approximately 6% of cases (as of 2012), that is, in approximately every 15 cases (4 times less often than for amoxicillin). It is lower than for erythromycin, but higher than for josamycin.

Azithromycin is prescribed in situations where the sensitivity of the angina pathogen to antibiotics is unknown, or bacterial resistance to penicillins has been confirmed. In particular, with lacunar angina, antibiotics are prescribed immediately after diagnosing the disease itself and even before obtaining the results of a bacterial study, since in this situation the main task is to alleviate the patient’s condition as quickly as possible, even at the cost of digestive upset (given the lack of appetite, this is not so critical) . In this situation, it is advisable to prescribe azithromycin as an antibiotic with a wider spectrum of action than the safer amoxicillin.

One of the imported drugs is azithromycin.

Commonly used treatments

The most common medications that doctors prescribe for an adult patient with sore throat are the following antibiotics:

• Amoxiclav - recommended if you are not allergic to penicillin medications. The drug quickly relieves sore throat and stabilizes overall health. It is used taking into account the individual characteristics of a person. According to the official instructions, you should drink Amoxiclav three times a day, 1 capsule.
• Augmentin - prevents the growth of pathogens and is capable of destroying pathogens resistant to Amoxicillin. Has almost no side effects.
• Bioparox is used as an inhalation agent to cure chronic tonsillitis. Application period: 10 days. Therapy must be carried out under the strict supervision of a specialist.
• Flemoxin is a drug with a wide spectrum of action. It is commercially available both in tablet form and as a suspension. Can be prescribed to children of different ages. Patients with severe forms of complicated tonsillitis are recommended to take the drug for up to 14 days.
• Cephalexin - treatment with this drug is carried out regardless of the time of consumption of food. The maximum dose is 2 grams of antibiotic per day. The prescribed amount of Cephalexin is distributed into 3-4 doses over 24 hours. The average course duration is up to 10 days.
• Flemoxin Solutab is a semi-synthetic medicine belonging to the group of penicillins. Used in the fight against tonsillitis caused by staphylococci. With moderate severity of the disease, the course of treatment can last up to 10 days. Contraindicated in patients diagnosed with leukemia and infectious mononucleosis.

Consequences of negligence in the treatment of sore throat

Physiotherapy is an important part of the comprehensive treatment of sore throat.

Laser therapy

An innovative physiotherapeutic remedy in the fight against sore throat pathogens. In fact, this is a lacunotomy with a directed laser beam for the purpose of destruction of the palatine tonsils.

Mud therapy

This physiotherapeutic procedure consists of mud applications on the tonsils themselves and the submandibular part of the face. The course of treatment usually consists of 10-14 sessions, each lasting several minutes.

The action of ultra-high frequencies reduces the inflammatory process in the tonsils and surrounding tissues. But the use of this method in the active phase of the disease is ineffective.

Ultrasound allows:

• relieve inflammation of the tonsils;
• get rid of the purulent contents of the lacunae;
• activate the synthesis of immunoglobulins.

During the procedure, an applicator is placed on the patient's neck and under the jaw.

Ultraviolet

This method allows you to sanitize the tonsils, but due to the fact that ultraviolet radiation cannot cope with swelling, it is better to use it in complex physiotherapy.

Despite the apparent simplicity and even commonality of the disease, its treatment should not be neglected. By starting a sore throat at an early stage, when it is still quite easy to cure, you can soon get not only a deterioration in the condition and a lot of additional unpleasant symptoms, but also serious complications on internal organs, including the kidneys, heart and joints. Therefore, having felt the first signs of the disease, you should ask what antibiotics to take for a sore throat.

Sore throats are no joke. Having identified its signs in yourself, you should not waste time testing traditional methods on your own health, which, by the way, do not give any effect. Rinsing without proper therapy will not help cure. You should also not use medications without consulting a doctor, even if you have already been treated with them, or choose medications based on the experience of friends. And even more so, you should not prescribe a course of therapy yourself, based on information read on any forum.

Only the attending physician can tell you what antibiotics to take for a sore throat. The drugs prescribed by him personally will be the most effective. The doctor will also tell you what other auxiliary medications make sense to use.