Nasal polyps or polypous rhinosinusitis

The symptomatic picture and intensity of manifestations of nasal polyps depends on the degree of blockage of the nasal passages. If the polyp is just beginning to form, patients experience minor discomfort, reminiscent of a mild cold. The only effective treatment is surgery.

Nasal polyps are benign formations that significantly impair the patient’s proper breathing. The disease has no gender differences and occurs equally in people of different ages.

Children and teenagers are usually affected. But cases of pathological growth of the mucous membrane in older patients cannot be excluded. almost identical to the clinical manifestations in adult patients.

The human nose is a complex anatomical structure.

The visible part of the face is the outer nose, where

frontal process;
lateral cartilage;
the large pterygoid cartilages that form the outer wings of the nose.

The lateral surfaces of the nose consist of cartilaginous tissue. The inside of the nasal passages is lined with mucous epithelial tissue, and the outside is covered with skin, muscles and sebaceous glands.

Typically, nasal polyps affect children of early and teenage age, but cases of pathological growth of the mucous membrane in older patients cannot be excluded.

Polyps form from the inside. The pathological neoplasm is based on transformations of the internal tissues of the nasal passages, mainly the mucous membrane.

Externally, polyps resemble peas, similar in appearance to a grapevine or mushroom. In clinical practice, polyps are regarded as a common complication of chronic rhinitis of various natures. However, clinicians classify any neoplasms as precancerous conditions or pathologies with increased oncogenic risks.

The risk group includes patients with a significant history of cancer, as well as those who have a hereditary history of polyposis of various locations.

The ICD-10 disease code is J33.0 - nasal polyp.

Choanal and antrochoanal polyp

The main classification of polyps determines the localization of pathological growth of the mucous membrane.

Based on location, nasal polyposis is classified into the following groups:

Choanal
. Polyposis is known as fibroma of the nasopharyngeal tract. Ripe polyps have a dense structure and a red tint. Fibrous neoplasms are localized in the opening of the nasal cavities and the upper nasopharyngeal region. The polyp has a stalk, and is also prone to the tendency of the neoplasm to generalize throughout the mucosal area. Against the background of the polyp, air exchange worsens due to the blocking of part of the nasopharynx and nasal cavity. Children are more likely to suffer from choanal polyposis than adults.
Antrochoanal polyposis
. Localization is determined by location in the nasal sinuses. The complexity of diagnosis depends on the need for research using more “deep” methods: ultrasound, x-rays, endoscopic research methods. The main cause of the pathology is chronic sinusitis, congenital anatomical imperfections of the nasal sinuses, septum, chronic diseases of the upper respiratory system.

The lack of adequate therapy for nasal polyposis often leads to malignancy of the growth tissue.

The causes of both types of pathology include

Inadequate drug therapy for rhinitis, sinusitis, nasopharyngitis, cystic fibrosis;
Neurological and mental disorders;
Hereditary predisposition.

How dangerous is a polyp and can it develop into cancer?

During normal nasal breathing, the incoming air is warmed and moistened. The external nasal passages provide preliminary purification of the air from small particles and dust.

When nasal breathing becomes difficult, some changes occur in the natural processes of air supply:

The inhaled air directly enters the lungs;
The brain does not receive adequate oxygen supply;
The risks of infection increase, including pneumonia and dysplastic changes in the lung tissue.

The risk of oncological transformation of polyp tissue is largely determined by hereditary predisposition or a burdened history of cancer.

Malignancy of polyps is possible with

chronic rhinitis without long-term drug treatment,
serious infectious diseases with melting of the nasal mucosa,
chronic exacerbation of sinusitis.

The main dangers of a bleeding polyp

Bleeding from the nose with polyposis rarely has serious consequences, but such symptoms should not be ignored.

Bleeding of polyps occurs due to the following effects:

Mechanical cleaning of the nose (when immersing turundas and cotton swabs, the structure of the polyp is injured);
Intense nose blowing;
Entry of foreign bodies.

Chronic bleeding, even minor but regular, can lead to iron deficiency anemia. The pathology is more typical for women of reproductive age and children aged 1 to 4 years. It is then that the level of hemoglobin in the blood is reduced due to the development of the body’s immune forces and many other biochemical processes.

Symptoms of the development of polypous sinusitis

The development of the polyp continues for some time, so it is not possible to immediately identify symptoms. Symptoms of polypous sinusitis are:

Difficulty breathing through the nose;
Blockage in one or both nostrils;
Lack of effectiveness when using vasoconstrictor drugs;
Constant discharge in which purulent clots are observed;
Loss of smell and, over time, taste;
Headaches radiating to the temples, forehead, bridge of the nose;
Attacks of sneezing;
Heaviness in the head, pain and pressure in the sinuses when tilting the head;
Sensation of a foreign object in the sinus cavity;
Weakness, apathy, irritability, increased fatigue;
Frequent increases in temperature to subfebrile levels.

Polyps block the openings between the sinuses and nasal passages, which is why in cases of exacerbations, the outflow of mucus is impossible. This leads to complications from the visual organ - conjunctivitis, keratitis. This situation often repeats in the autumn-winter period, when the general condition of the human immune system worsens.

The danger of a bilateral disease is also that due to the lack of outflow, destruction of nearby bone structures and perforation of purulent masses into the bone tissue of the upper jaw are possible.

What to do about nasal polyps?

There is only one way to get rid of nasal polyps - surgery, after which patients experience instant relief and the elimination of all previous accompanying symptoms.

However, for some patients, radical treatment of nasal polyposis is unacceptable, especially if the degree of respiratory impairment is minor.

Features of treatment in children

For young children, gentle treatment tactics are chosen only if

The degree of blockage of the nasal passages does not impede nasal breathing;
There are no signs of distortion of facial features or speech disorders.

Weakened immunity plays an important role in the formation of nasal polyposis of any etiological type and location.

Drug treatment involves prescribing the following drugs

Antihistamines
for allergic rhinitis and polyposis:
Hormonal agents
to stop polyp growth;
Vitamin complexes
to increase local and systemic immunity;
Anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics
for infectious diseases of various origins.

Note!

An important factor is a course of physiotherapy to prevent the risk of growth of growths. Physiotherapy is especially important if the child has a complicated medical history, as well as if it is impossible to carry out surgical resection of pathological growths.

Surgical tactics are acceptable for the following treatment methods

To a lesser extent, polypotomy using a Lange loop (cutting a polyp with a loop and its subsequent cauterization with electrodes);
Cryotherapy (freezing and necrosis of the polyp with its subsequent removal).

Treatment of nasal polyposis in children should occur under the careful supervision of specialists.

During adolescence

In children aged 10-14 years, the risk of polyps increases due to hormonal characteristics. It is known that puberty is characterized by a powerful release of hormones depending on the gender of the child.

Treatment is usually surgical to

avoid the risk of recurrence of polyposis,
normalize the breathing and quality of life of a growing child.

Treatment in adults

Treatment for nasal growths in adults usually involves surgery. If there are contraindications to surgery, drug therapy may be prescribed along with the use of traditional medicine methods. How to cure nasal polyps.

The latest methods do not guarantee relief from polyposis, but can significantly alleviate the symptomatic picture of the disease, especially during a woman’s pregnancy.

Self-therapy or the use of traditional methods of treatment can negatively affect the child’s condition and provoke various complications.

Any treatment is prescribed only after a high-quality and thorough diagnosis, this allows

to clarify the nature of nasal polyposis,
identify the risks of oncological transformation,
assess the likelihood of a radical solution to the problem.

Psychologists believe that the basis of most health problems is psychosomatics. In the case of nasal polyposis, these are unspoken or hidden grievances towards loved ones.

Watch a useful video about the causes of nasal polyps and their treatment:

Treatment with Todikamp

Treatment of polyps without surgery is possible with the drug Todicamp:

The natural preparation is prepared from green walnuts, from which a distillate is obtained by boiling at a very high temperature.
The drops are completely non-toxic.
Immunomodulatory, rejuvenating.
Has no contraindications.

It has a powerful restorative effect, quickly penetrates into cells, strengthens, restores membranes, the cell itself, and improves metabolic processes.
Cobalt salt and juglone prevent the proliferation of tumor tissues. Destroy diseased cells and promote the regeneration of healthy cells. It is used to combat tumors and their metastases, regardless of whether they are malignant or benign.
Todikamp eliminates swelling and inflammatory processes.

Use of the drug for the treatment of nasal polyps:

The drops must be mixed with pumpkin or hemp oil in a ratio of 3 parts oil to 1 part drug. You should not make a lot of solution at once. The oil will quickly lose its quality. It is necessary to prepare the mixture for no more than 1 day.
Take the mixture orally no later than ½ hour before meals and 1 hour after meals.
The drug is taken to start with 9 drops.
Then gradually increase to 1 k. per 2 kg of weight. Take drops 3 times every day.
Lubricate the area of the maxillary and frontal sinuses with the drug in the morning and evening.
Drop 1k mixture into each nasal passage. of the drug and 1 tbsp of hemp or pumpkin oil.
If the drug causes headache, nausea, weakness, loss of appetite, you need to take a break for a couple of days. Then take 5 drops at a time less than before the break. After a few days, return to the calculated dose of 1k per 2 kg. weight. Also stop lubrication and nose drops for 2 days. Then renew in the same quantity.

Polyps and cysts of the nasal cavity

Polyposis and cystic components have an identical nature of occurrence, and have the same effect on the quality of the patient’s respiratory function. Cysts and polyps are formed as a result of pathological degeneration of the tissues of the mucous membranes of the nasal passages.

The main differences are

Cysts
are cavity formations with exudative fluid inside (including purulent ones) with a tendency to grow and block the nasal passages;
Polyps
are formations of hypertrophied mucosal tissue with a dense structure without varying content.

Only differential diagnosis can reliably identify pathological neoplasms.

Both polyps and cysts require radical treatment methods in case of obvious blockage of the nasal passages and disruption of full nasal breathing.

Nasal polyps are pathological foci of growth based on hypertrophy of the mucous tissues of the nasal passages. The tendency to malignancy is possible only under the influence of certain predisposing factors. Only a doctor can assess the degree of pathology, as well as determine treatment tactics. Self-therapy often means worsening the pathological process and prescribing a more radical correction.

You can make an appointment with a doctor directly on our website.

Be healthy and happy!

Polypous rhinosinusitis, according to the international classification of diseases, refers to diseases of the respiratory system (ICD code 10 J 01).

Against the background of decreased immunity, a long course of rhinosinusitis leads to swelling and proliferation of the mucous membrane of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity with the gradual formation of thickenings and the formation of polyps.

Treatment with medications

If tumors in the nasal passages are small, they can be treated with medications without surgery.

Oral and topical nasal corticosteroids

Prednisolone is a glucocorticosteroid - a hormonal drug. Stops the growth of polyps, increases the time of remission. It has an anti-inflammatory effect, suppresses the immune system, and in cases where its activity leads to an undesirable result, it reduces tissue swelling.

Prednisolone is taken at the rate of 1/2–1 mg per 1 kg of patient weight orally or intranasally. To exclude negative side effects, 2/3 of the dose per 1 day should be taken in the morning, and 1/3 in the afternoon. In 10 days after starting treatment, the daily dose should be reduced by 10 mg every day. By the 14th–16th day, the medication is completed.

It will be possible to repeat the course of treatment no earlier than after ½ year.

If the formation of polyps is not of allergic origin, treatment with Prednisolone may not work. Antihistamines (antiallergic) drugs

If a runny nose occurs as a result of an allergic reaction, it is advisable to find the allergen and eliminate contact with it. If this is not possible, treatment with various means is used.

Loratadine

For 15 days. children who weigh more than 30 kg. and adults take 1 whole tablet. Children from 2 years old up to 12 l. with a weight of up to 30 kg. take ½ tablet. The course of treatment can be repeated only after 2 months.

Peculiarities:

It is better for pregnant and nursing mothers to postpone treatment with this drug to a later date, when the drug they take will not automatically enter the child’s body.
The medicine begins to show its activity ½ hour after ingestion.
Sometimes the doctor decides to extend the course to 28 days. This drug is addictive. The dose you took no longer works, so you want to increase the dose. But increasing the dose will cause:
headache;
heartbeat;
increased drowsiness.

If Erythromycin, Ketoconazole, Cimetidine are used simultaneously with Loratadine, the dose of Loratadine absorbed by the body will increase multiple times, which will cause the symptoms listed above.

Cetirizine

Can be purchased in the form of tablets, drops and syrup. It begins to act only after 1 hour. Cetirizine is used in the same doses as Laratodine.

If polyps have formed in the nose, treatment without surgery is possible. It is enough to use the necessary medications, such as Cetirizine.

It is better to take it before bed:

1 full tablet for adults and children, 12 years and older. Also for children weighing more than 30 kg. Children who have reached 7 years of age but have not gained 30 kg can take ½ tablet. The dose can be divided in half and given every 12 hours.
For those children in whom taking pills causes a gag reflex, drops and syrup can be used. They are adapted to children in taste and smell.
Children from 1 to 2 years old are given 5 drops of the drug in the evening, which corresponds to 2.5 g. medications.
Children from 2 years to 6 years old can take 10 k., that is, 5 g. medications per day.
Children from 6 years old and adults take 20 k. in the evening before bed, which is 10 grams. drug per day.
The syrup can be taken from 2 to 12 years in the amount of 5 ml per day, if the weight has not reached 30 kg. If reached, as well as adults, you need to take 10 ml.
Despite the fact that Cetirizine drops can be taken from an earlier age than Laratodine, Cetirizine in any form causes complications on the kidneys. Therefore, in case of kidney disease, the dose of Cetirizine must be reduced by 2 times.
For liver diseases, the dosage can only be prescribed by a doctor on a strictly individual basis.
You cannot combine Cetirizine with drugs that have a bad effect on the central nervous system or contain ethanol.
Pregnant and nursing mothers should not take the drug.
Adults can take up to 6 weeks to combat seasonal allergies, children only 4 weeks.
To treat an allergy caused by a one-time allergen poisoning, treatment for 7 days is sufficient.
The product may cause drowsiness, which may affect your ability to drive.
To combat seasonal allergens that affect health, it is necessary to change medications throughout the season, taking a break of 15 days between doses.

How does polypous rhinosinusitis manifest: symptoms

Benign formations of the nasal mucosa (polyps) prevent the normal discharge of mucus from the sinuses, which leads to characteristic symptoms of the pathology:

headaches, aching in nature;
pain in the lower part of the eye sockets;
discomfort and nasal congestion;
weakening or complete loss of sense of smell;
feeling of a foreign body in the nasal cavity;
scanty mucous or purulent thick discharge.

Attention

This condition develops over a long period of time, so the increase in severe symptoms and the nature of complaints are different at the beginning of the disease and throughout the entire period of progression.

The clinical picture is expressed in a combination of manifestations of intoxication of the body (increased body temperature, general malaise, febrile phenomena) and symptoms characteristic of the stage and localization of the pathology.

In addition to polypous rhinosinusitis with clinical manifestations, asymptomatic forms of the disease are also noted.

Symptoms

The main complaints appear precisely at the moment when part of the thickened mucous membrane falls out of the sinuses into the nasal cavity. A fragment of the mucous membrane that extends into the nasal cavity is a polyp. Patients at this stage of the disease are concerned about the sharp deterioration in nasal breathing, and the fact that the use of vasoconstrictor drops does not improve nasal breathing as before. Further development of the disease can lead to a complete absence of nasal breathing, headaches, weakness, and loss of smell.

Causes of the disease

To date, there is no consensus on the causes of pathology of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses. Scientists agree on a single opinion - the presence of a genetic predisposition and polyetiology of the disease.

The study of the mechanism of formation and histological picture of nasal polyps has led to the creation of several theories of pathogenesis:

The inflammatory process is caused by the influence of eosinophils on the structure of the mucous membrane ( eosinophilic inflammation

). A study of polyp tissue revealed an increased content of interleukin-5, albumin and other proteins that contribute to the activation of eosinophil transport and/or their apoptosis (extension of functioning).

These processes cause the accumulation of eosinophils and the resulting inflammatory process.

Allergic IgE-dependent reaction. This theory does not have reliable confirmation, since the pathology accompanies hay fever only in 10% of cases, which corresponds to the prevalence of an allergic reaction in the population as a whole. It has been proven that polyps do not change during the flowering period, which suggests that IgE-dependent allergy does not cause the disease, but is a concomitant pathology that aggravates the course of rhinosinusitis.

Impaired biotransformation of arachidonic acid. Salicylates in cellular biosynthesis trigger an alternative course of arachidonic acid metabolism, which results in the formation of leukotrienes (LTE-4; LTC-4; LTD-4), which are very active mediators of inflammation.

Bacterial cause. The role of bacteria in the development of polyp formation has not been fully studied. It is assumed that bacteria are a kind of superantigens capable of supporting the eosinophilic inflammatory process.

In support of the theory, the influence of enterotoxin on the growth and development of polyps as a superantigen was discovered. The role of bacteria in the etiology of the disease confirms the formation of “neutrophilic” neoplasms or polypous purulent rhinosinusitis.

The theory of fungal influence. It is assumed that the mycelium of pathogenic fungi that enters the inhaled air is attacked by T-lymphocytes. They activate eosinophils and cause them to migrate into the mucous contents of the paranasal sinuses.

There, eosinophils secrete toxic proteins from their cytoplasm, which destroy fungi, but at the same time there is an accumulation of toxic components and breakdown products. As a result, inflammation is stimulated in genetically predisposed individuals.

Pathogenic effects of viral respiratory infections. The experience of clinical observations of pathogenesis suggests a relationship between the viral infectious agent and the progression of rhinosinusitis and the growth of polyps.

Genetic factor. Scientists do not dispute the genetically determined nature of the pathology. Indirect confirmation may be the connection between polyploid rhinosinusitis and cystic fibrosis or Kartagener's syndrome.

This assumption is due to changes in the karyotype of patients. The gene responsible for the development of rhinosinusitis has not yet been isolated, but the connection can be traced.

Source: website

How to treat nasal polyps with sinusitis using traditional methods

If it is possible to identify tumors at an early stage, you can resort to conservative therapy. It cannot remove polyps, but it is able to slow down their growth, activate the regeneration of the mucous membrane, and eliminate the inflammatory process. The following medications are used for this:

To eliminate the allergic component of the disease, the doctor prescribes antihistamines that can eliminate the signs of allergy in the nasal cavity. These include Kromoglin, Erius, Tavegil and others.
To eliminate the inflammatory process in the maxillary sinus, you will need steroids in the form of drops or sprays. They will reduce local immunity, but eliminate inflammation. These are Avamis, Nasonex, Flixonase.
To improve the condition of the mucous membrane and restore its natural moisture, you will need saline solutions. You can cook them yourself. They also speed up the flow of mucus. They can also be purchased at the pharmacy: Aquamaris, Marimer, Physiomer, Aqualor and so on.
To combat pathogenic microflora, antibiotics are prescribed in the form of sprays. You should not use them on your own. These include Isofra, Polydexa, Bioparox.
To counteract the decrease in immune function of the nasal cavity and sinuses, immunomodulator drugs are needed. Amiksin, Immunorix, Polyoxidonium will cope with this task perfectly.
When an unusual microflora parasitizes the sinus cavity, which cannot be cured by standard methods, serums and vaccines can be prescribed.
Disinfection of the nasal cavity is necessary to remove pathogenic microorganisms. The drugs Miramistin and Furacilin in the form of solutions are suitable for this. They can be introduced into the sinus during the “Cuckoo” procedure.

But polyps are usually detected when conservative treatment becomes only an addition to the main radical treatment. This is an operation to remove polyps.

How dangerous is this disease?

Typically, polypous rhinosinusitis does not have serious consequences, but its purulent forms can cause pathologies such as:

osteomyelitis of the skull bones;
meningitis and other intracranial purulent lesions;
inflammatory and purulent pathologies of the visual apparatus.

Intracranial purulent pathologies caused by progressive purulent rhinosinusitis are accompanied in 15% of cases by such deadly diseases as meningitis, purulent meningoencephalitis and brain abscess.

Also, complications of the disease can be sepsis, subperiosteal abscess, rhinogenic thrombosis of the cavernous sinus, etc.

Complications caused by rhinosinusogenic pathology in the structures of the visual analyzer include many diseases and conditions:

pseudotumor of the orbit of the eye;
conjunctivitis;
panophthalmitis;
dacreoadenitis;
retrobulbar neuritis;
paralysis of the eyeball;
abscess of the eyelid and others.

In addition, the pathology itself can occur with complications such as peritonsillar abscess and otogenic sepsis.

As a result, purulent rhinosinusitis can cause severe complications, which in 24% of cases lead
to death.

Diagnostics

To clarify the preliminary diagnosis, an external examination, collection and analysis of anamnestic data, and a study of the medical history are carried out. Often ultrasound and diaphanoscopy do not allow making a complete conclusion about the condition and function of the nose, therefore they use:

rhinoscopy and endoscopy;
computed tomography (CT);
rhinomanometry;
study of mucolytic transport;
microbiological analysis and biopsy, etc.

CT is the most informative method and is recommended for all new patients. With multislice CT using multiplanar reconstruction, the image can assess the preservation of pneumatization of the paranasal sinuses.

The extent of the disease can be judged by the degree to which they are filled with dense mucin or pus. The method also allows you to detect anatomical disorders in intranasal structures.

It is worth noting

Computed tomography is the main diagnostic method and guide for surgical intervention.

To assess the microbiological composition of the intranasal cavities and sinuses, biological and biochemical research methods are used.

Laboratory studies indicate changes in blood rheology in patients with polypous rhinosinusitis, namely platelet aggregation, increased levels of fibrin fibers, characteristics of the osmotic and sorption abilities of erythrocytes.

These changes indicate the formation of microthrombi and impaired blood circulation in the capillaries. There is also an increase in the level of leukocytes in the blood, which indicates inflammatory processes.

Based on the analysis of laboratory and instrumental research data, the doctor develops an individual treatment strategy.

Treatment

In the treatment of polypous rhinosinusitis, both conservative and surgical methods are used. All types of pathology, except unilateral rhinosinusitis, can be treated with medications.

According to modern methods of treating polysinusitis, the first-line drugs are intranasal hormonal drugs. Preference is given to drugs that have high topical activity and low bioavailability, that is, the safest for long-term, sometimes lifelong use.

Among the licensed drugs, Mometasone furoate best meets all requirements .

It is prescribed in a therapeutically recommended dose in courses of 3-6 months or longer.

Its effectiveness has been proven in clinical studies. If nasal breathing is severely impaired due to polypous rhinosinusitis, allergic rhinitis, sinusitis and other nasal pathologies, Nasonex spray is prescribed, the active ingredient of which is momesonate furoate. An alternative to the drug are nasal sprays Beclomethasone and Budesonide.

When using systemic glucocorticoids, Prednisolone is used in short courses, since the medicine has a lot of side effects.

The medicine is used to prevent relapses, as well as in the presence of contraindications to surgery. Deposited glucocorticoids are not used in therapy due to their high bioavailability.

Among the treatment methods, irrigation therapy can also be called. Nasal irrigation is recognized as a safe and simple method of exposure. Usually, an isotonic or hypertonic solution of table salt, as well as sea water. The scientific literature contains documentary evidence of the effectiveness of the irrigation technique.

Special systems have been created and used that rinse the nose under various pressures or only irrigate the mucous membrane.

New alternative therapies are being developed and studied:

treatment with low doses of macrolides;
antimycotic therapy, local and systemic;
desensitization with aspirin, etc.

Ketotifen is used to stabilize mast cell membranes. The drug has antihistamine and antianaphylactic properties and prevents the accumulation of eosinophils.

In order to increase local immunity, Polyoxidonium is used. Folk remedies used for local effects on pathology are thuja oil, which has antioxidant, reparative and immunomodulatory effects.

If conservative methods do not bring the expected result, surgical treatment is used.

Operation

The modern trend of using minimally invasive treatment methods also occurs in the treatment of polypous rhinosinusitis. For this use:

laser coagulation, the operation is performed using a YAG-holmium and E-fiber laser;
ultrasonic disintegration;
submucosal vasotomy;
electroacoustics;
micro- and endoscopic methods;
removal of polyps using polyp loops, etc.

Most often it is carried out using a shaver-microdebrider apparatus. The device is a thin nasal tube with rotating blades inside it and an attached microsuction. Under the control of an endoscope, the tube is inserted into the nasal cavity and the polyp, and is suctioned to the end of the tube using a pump. The blades crush the tumor and its parts are sucked into the reservoir. After the operation, tampons are inserted into the patient, and then standard anti-relapse therapy is carried out.

The advantage of the method is its accuracy - the device operates only in the area of the polyp, it is minimally invasive, and it is fast. The operation is performed on an outpatient basis under local anesthesia. The postoperative period is significantly shorter than after radical polypectomy.

The laser coagulation method also has good performance. As a result of testing the effectiveness of modern medical equipment for surgery, it was noted that laser exposure not only evaporates the polyp, but also relieves the inflammatory process and stimulates tissue regeneration. Thanks to the coagulating ability of the laser beam, the operation is bloodless.

Since polypous rhinosinusitis most often occurs in men, some patients of military age are interested in: “Are people with this pathology accepted into the army?”
A conscript diagnosed with rhinosinusitis with persistent pathology of nasal breathing or with purulent sinusitis is given a deferment to undergo additional examination or surgery. Conservative treatment methods are aimed primarily at eliminating those factors that provoked nasal polyps. This includes excluding exposure to infectious agents and allergens on the body, as well as potential food allergens (dyes, flavorings, etc.); sanitization of foci of chronic infection and treatment of inflammatory diseases of the nasopharynx; antiallergic therapy and immunocorrection. As a rule, conservative treatment of nasal polyps in itself does not give the desired result. Therefore, it is usually used as the initial stage of combination therapy, after which nasal polyps are subject to surgical treatment, i.e., removal. A conservative method is considered to be a method in which nasal polyps are removed using heat. Its use is possible in patients who have restrictions on the use of surgical treatment methods due to the presence of respiratory failure, blood coagulation disorders, decompensated hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, severe bronchial asthma. The thermal effect on nasal polyps is carried out by introducing a thin quartz into the nasal cavity fiber As a result of heating to a temperature of 60-70 degrees, nasal polyps become white and after 1-3 days they are separated from the nasal mucosa, after which the doctor removes the nasal polyps with simple tweezers or the patient blows his nose out on his own. Laser removal of nasal polyps is bloodless and less traumatic. This operation is performed on an outpatient basis under local anesthesia. It provides maximum sterility and minimal pain in the postoperative period. The patient’s complete recovery after nasal polyps were removed by laser occurs after 3-4 days. Endoscopic removal of nasal polyps is considered the most effective and modern method. It is accompanied by endovideosurgical visualization with an image of the surgical field displayed on the monitor. With the endoscopic method, nasal polyps are removed using a special power tool (microdebrider or shaver), which draws the polyp tissue into the hole of its tip and shave it off at the base. The high accuracy of the shaver and good visualization make it possible to carefully remove nasal polyps and polypous tissue located in the paranasal sinuses, which ensures a later occurrence of relapses in comparison with other methods of treating polyps. In addition, by removing nasal polyps endoscopically, the surgeon has the opportunity to correct the internal anatomical architecture of the nose in order to improve drainage of the paranasal sinuses. As a result, optimal conditions are created for the implementation of the most effective postoperative treatment, and subsequent surgical interventions, performed if necessary, to re-remove nasal polyps, are simplified.

Treatment with folk remedies

How to prepare nasal drops:

Using a series. Art. l. chopped string is steamed with a glass of boiling water. Boil for 10 minutes. over low heat. Strain. Drip 3 drops into each nostril in the morning and evening at the same time for 20 days.
Anise drops. Grind 15-20 g of pharmaceutical anise in a coffee grinder. Pour 100 ml of 70% medical alcohol into a bottle. Leave in the refrigerator for 8 days. Add boiled water and cooled to room temperature in the amount of 1 part anise tincture to 3 parts water. Shake well before putting into nose. Drip 3 times a day, 10 drops in 1 nostril for 15 days. If complete recovery has not occurred, take a break of 2 days. And take 1 more course.
Horsetail drops. To prepare the drops you need 2 tbsp. l. steam dry chopped horsetail in 250 ml of hot water. Leave covered for 0.5 hours, strain. Take a special bulb to rinse your nose. Bend over the washbasin and, one by one, into each nostril without pressure, slowly introduce the infusion. 10 times on each side. The procedure is carried out every day until complete recovery. If after this procedure there is any infusion left, it must be poured out. Only fresh can be used.
St. John's wort with celandine. Heat part of the crushed St. John's wort and 4 of the same parts of oil in a steam bath for 10 minutes. Then for each tsp. add 1 cup of juice squeezed from twisted celandine to the mixture. Drop 1 drop into the nose 4 times a day. Treat for 10 days.
How to prepare celandine juice for instillation into the nose. The juice is prepared from freshly picked plants. It must be collected when the flowers have already appeared, but have not yet begun to bloom. At this time, the plant juice is most useful. It is necessary to wash the flowers and the root of the plant well. Grind through a meat grinder, squeeze out the juice using gauze into a non-metallic and non-plastic container. Leave for 5 days. in a cool place, out of direct sunlight. After this, drop 1 drop into each nostril 3 times a day. Drops can be prepared from the juice of the celandine stem. Drop 1-2 drops of infused solution for 5 days. juice, morning and evening, 10-15 days. In 10 days can be repeated. So up to 5 courses.
Infusion of celandine. Ch.l. Finely chopped celandine herb pour 1 cup of boiling water. Cover and leave for 0.5 hours. Strain through a sieve or cheesecloth. Dip cotton swabs into the infusion and place in both nostrils for 15 minutes. Treatment is carried out 2 times every 1 day. Treat for 2 months. After 1 month, the course of treatment must be repeated. The infusion prepared according to the specified recipe can be poured into the nostrils from a special pear or sucked in through the nose and then spat. The procedure must be carried out 2-3 times every 1 day 15 days. to the row.