Sprays for the common cold: classification and review of drugs

Composition and effect of the drug

The active component of the Dlynos solution, which provides vasoconstriction and a decrease in mucus secretion, is the adrenergic agonist xylometazoline hydrochloride.

In addition to it, the composition of the drug includes the following excipients:

• benzalkonium chloride – 0.11 mg;
• sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate – 3 mg;
• sodium chloride – 7 ml;
• purified water – less than 1 ml;
• sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate – 2.8 mg;
• disodium edetate – 0.5 ml.

Xylometazoline is a vasoconstrictor that has a local effect on the capillaries of the inner lining of the nasal concha. Due to the active influence of the drug on the vascular wall, its spasm occurs, as a result of which the production of mucous secretion decreases and nasal breathing is restored.

Release form

Fornos, produced by the Indian pharmaceutical company Novartis, has two release forms:

• Spray Dlyanos is a solution for nasal use in a concentration of 0.1%, used for the treatment of rhinitis in adults and children over 12 years of age. It is a colorless, odorless liquid. Available in white plastic bottles of 10 ml, equipped with a dispenser with the function of spraying the substance.
• Dlyanos drops are an intranasal drug with an active substance concentration of 0.05%, suitable for use in children over 2 years of age. Packaged in tinted glass bottles with a volume of 10 ml. For instillation into the nasal passages, use the pipette included in the kit.

Indications for use Nose spray

For the nose is recommended for the symptomatic treatment of rhinitis of various origins; in addition, for diseases of the nasal sinuses, the product helps to drain secretions.

Fornos is also used in the complex treatment of otitis media, as it can effectively reduce swelling of the nasal mucosa.

In addition, drops and spray Fornos are used before certain diagnostic procedures, such as rhinoscopy.

Indications and contraindications

Methods of using Dlynos spray are regulated by the instructions included with each bottle of the drug. Self-prescription of medication is not recommended. In some situations it cannot be used; this can lead to aggravation of the disease and the development of complications.

The main indications for treatment with Dlynos spray are:

• acute respiratory diseases accompanied by symptoms of rhinitis;
• allergic rhinitis;
• inflammatory processes in the paranasal sinuses (frontal sinusitis, sinusitis, ethmoiditis, sphenoiditis);
• hay fever;
• syringitis;
• otitis media in acute form (the drug is used to reduce the severity of swelling of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx);
• preparatory cleansing of the nasal passages before diagnostic procedures.

For the nose also has a list of contraindications:

• atrophy of the mucous membrane of the nasal passages;
• cornerstone form of glaucoma;
• severe arterial hypertension;
• tachycardia;
• pronounced atherosclerotic changes;
• hyperfunction of the thyroid gland;
• previous operations on the membranes of the brain;
• hypersensitivity to xylometazoline;
• pregnancy and lactation;
• children up to 12 years of age (concentration 0.1%) and up to 2 years (concentration of the active component 0.05%).

Spray "Dlyanos": composition, indications, instructions for use, reviews

• November 14, 2018
• Pulmonology
• Oskina Oksana Valentinovna

With various types of runny nose, colds and allergic diseases, serious discomfort is caused by swelling of the nasal mucosa, which leads to difficulty breathing.

This slows down recovery and greatly worsens the patient's condition. In this case, it is recommended to use local drugs with a vasoconstrictor effect. One of the most popular is the “Dlyanos” spray. It is available in a convenient form, which makes the drug easier to use.

And its simple composition makes it accessible to every patient.

Composition and release form of the drug

"Dlyanos" belongs to the group of local vasoconstrictors. It quickly relieves swelling of the nasal mucosa and makes breathing easier. That’s why the “For Nos” spray is so popular. Its composition is simple: the main active ingredient of the drug is xylometazoline hydrochloride.

This is the most common topical alpha-agonist agonist. The drug "Dlyanos" contains xylometazoline along with excipients: sodium and benzalkonium chloride, sodium hydrogen phosphate and dihydrogen phosphate.

The result is a clear, odorless solution that, when dosed correctly, does not irritate the mucous membranes.

The drug is available in two forms. The most popular is spray. It is packaged in 10 ml polyethylene bottles. Each milliliter contains 1 mg of xylometazoline. In this form, the drug is more convenient to use; you do not need to lie down to administer it. But children are not recommended to use the spray.

That’s why more “Dlyanos” drops are being produced. They contain a reduced concentration of xylometazoline, so this form of the drug is used from the age of two. Children's "Dlyanos" is available in dark glass bottles with a pipette. Each ml of the drug contains 0.5 mg of xylometazoline.

What effect does

Xylometazoline hydrochloride is a local alpha-adrenergic agonist. This means that it constricts blood vessels. When in contact with the nasal mucosa, the drug helps to facilitate nasal breathing by eliminating swelling of the mucous membrane.

Spray "Dlyanos" works in the nasopharynx and upper respiratory tract. It stops watery eyes and runny nose. Moreover, the effect begins within a few minutes and lasts 6–10 hours. By relieving the swelling, the patient's nasal breathing becomes much easier and mucus secretion stops.

This not only alleviates the patient’s condition, but also speeds up recovery.

Indications for use

This drug is most often used to treat a runny nose. Therefore, the main indications for using the spray are the following diseases:

• acute respiratory viral infection;
• cold;
• allergic rhinitis;
• acute or chronic rhinitis;
• acute nasopharyngitis;
• sinusitis;
• hay fever

In addition, “For Nose” spray is sometimes prescribed for otitis media to relieve swelling of the Eustachian tube. The drug is also effective before various manipulations or surgical interventions in the nasopharynx.

Contraindications for use

All people need various medications to treat the runny nose, since this is the most common ailment. Such products are considered safe, because they are sold without a prescription.

Therefore, many people use them without consulting a doctor, often without even reading the instructions. But in fact, even the safest remedy may have contraindications for use. The spray “Dlyanos” also has them.

It is not recommended to use it in the following cases:

• with tachycardia;
• high blood pressure;
• atherosclerosis;
• glaucoma;
• hyperthyroidism;
• after brain surgery;
• during pregnancy and during breastfeeding.

In addition, the use of the drug is contraindicated in the presence of individual intolerance to the components of the drug. And for children under 6 years of age, only “For Nos” drops are allowed to be used, since the concentration of the active substance in them is lower. Also, for some pathologies, it is recommended to use the drug only as prescribed by a doctor.

These are diabetes mellitus, acute heart failure and prostatic hyperplasia. In this case, you must strictly follow the instructions, avoiding overdose. You should also not use the drug for atrophic rhinitis, as well as chronic pathologies of the nasopharynx, since its use for more than a week is contraindicated.

Possible side effects

Usually, negative reactions to the drug appear in the presence of individual intolerance, as well as in case of non-compliance with the instructions, for example, in case of an overdose or too long use. Typically, xylometazoline does not cause irritation or hyperemia of the nasal mucosa. But sometimes, if the instructions are not followed, the following side effects develop:

• dry nasal mucosa;
• burning, itching;
• frequent sneezing;
• increased amount of mucus secreted;
• increased swelling of the nasopharynx.

The active substance of the drug, when used in therapeutic doses, does not penetrate into the blood, so systemic side effects are possible only with an overdose or with too long use.

These may be headaches, increased blood pressure, tachycardia, insomnia, and vomiting. Sometimes visual impairment, depression and allergic reactions also develop. Most often these are hives, lacrimation and itching.

But angioedema is also possible.

The drug "Dlyanos": instructions for use

The spray is convenient to use, since one click on the bottle injects the required dose of the drug into the nasal passage. It is recommended to use it to treat a runny nose from the first day of illness.

The spray is used most often for adults, sometimes prescribed to children over 6 years of age. You can spray 1 time into each nostril. A repeat procedure is possible only after 6 hours. Therefore, it is permissible to use the drug 3-4 times a day.

The duration of treatment with the drug is no more than 7 days.

For the procedure to be effective, it must be carried out correctly. The patient should be in an upright position, hold the bottle with the drug with the nozzle up, without tilting. Insert the tip of the spray into the nostril and press sharply on the bottle. At this time, it is advisable to inhale so that the drug is distributed throughout the mucous membrane. It is necessary to remove the bottle from the nasal passage without unclenching it.

Children's "For Nose" drops can be used as prescribed by a doctor, even for infants. But you need to strictly monitor the dosage. For children under 6 years of age, no more than 1-2 drops are dropped into each nostril 1-3 times a day. After 6 years, you can drip 2-3 drops 3-4 times a day. Drops are not used for adults, as they will be ineffective due to the low concentration of the active substance.

Features of application

Before injecting the drug, it is necessary to clear the nasal passages of mucus if possible. The spray can only be used to relieve symptoms of a runny nose; it is not intended for continuous use for chronic pathologies.

Instructions for use "Dlyanos" recommend using the drug for 7-10 days, then you need to take a break. It is especially dangerous to use the drug for a long time in elderly people and children. In case of overdose, drug-induced rhinitis may develop.

Therefore, despite the popular belief that this is a safe drug, it is advisable to use it after consultation with a doctor. There is one more feature of its use - it is incompatible with tricyclic antidepressants.

Analogues of the drug

There are many analogues of the “Dlyanos” spray based on the active substance. Xylometazoline is included in most medications for the treatment of the common cold, and all of them are inexpensive. If the drug itself costs 80–90 rubles, then its analogues can be purchased for 20–30 rubles.

This could be “Xylen”, “Rinostop”, “Otrivin”, “Galazolin”, “Xymelin” and others. If the patient is intolerant to xylometazoline, you can use products with another active ingredient: Naphthyzin, Sanorin, Nazol, Lazolvan Rino and others.

All of them also have a vasoconstrictor effect.

Spray "Dlyanos": reviews

Drugs for the common cold with a vasoconstrictor effect are quite popular. They are required for allergic rhinitis and colds. After all, nasal congestion causes serious inconvenience, especially at night.

And drugs such as Dlyanos allow you to breathe freely during sleep. Most patient reviews note that the drug is really effective. It begins to work almost immediately, helping you recover faster.

It usually does not cause any side effects and is easily tolerated by patients of any age.

Doctors also speak positively about this remedy. It is often prescribed by otolaryngologists, and not only for a runny nose, but also for otitis media. They note that its advantages include a long-lasting effect - swelling does not return for 6-10 hours. But all doctors note that the positive properties of the drug appear only if it is not overdosed.

Source: https://druggist.ru/440138a-sprey-dlyanos-sostav-pokazaniya-instruktsiya-po-primeneniyu-otzyivyi

Use during pregnancy

Treatment with Dlynos during pregnancy is not recommended. Xylometazoline has a vasoconstrictor effect and, if it enters the systemic bloodstream, can cause uterine hypertonicity, which in the early stages can cause miscarriage, and in the later stages – premature birth. The use of Nasal Spray is permissible only after consultation with a doctor in situations where the benefit outweighs the potential risk to the child. Read more about the features of using nasal drops in pregnant women →

During breastfeeding, it is better not to use the drug, or use it with caution and strictly adhere to the dosage. The nose is able to enter the child's body along with breast milk.

For nose for children

Treatment in childhood with drugs whose active ingredient is xylometazoline hydrochloride should be carried out only as prescribed by a doctor and under the strict supervision of parents.

Children's Dlya Nose can be used in the treatment of various types of rhinitis to restore the patency of the nasal passages, but only after reading the instructions. The drug should not be used in infants and children under two years of age due to possible negative reactions to the body.

Nasal drops for the nose with a xylometazoline concentration of 0.05% are allowed to be dripped into the nasal passages of children, starting from the age of two, no more than 3 times a day, 1 or 2 drops in each nostril. A spray containing the active component in a concentration of 0.1% can be used to treat runny nose in children over 12 years of age. Irrigation of the nose is allowed 1-3 times a day. The duration of treatment should not exceed 5 days.

Content

• Characteristics for nose (spray 0.1% 10ml)
• Where to buy Falkenstein?

Composition: Active substance - xylometazoline.

Pharmacological action: Pharmacological action - vasoconstrictor, anticongestive.

Stimulates alpha adrenergic receptors.

When applied topically, it is practically not absorbed, so plasma concentrations are very small (not analytically determined).

When applied to mucous membranes, it causes vasoconstriction, reducing local hyperemia and swelling.

For rhinitis, it facilitates nasal breathing.

The action begins within a few minutes and lasts for several hours.

Indications for Use: Acute allergic rhinitis, hay fever, sinusitis, otitis media (to reduce swelling of the nasopharyngeal mucosa); preparing the patient for diagnostic procedures in the nasal passages.

Method of Use: Intranasal.

Spray: adults and children over 12 years old - 1 spray in each nasal passage, up to 4 times a day.

Duration of use - no more than 3-5 days.

Interaction: Incompatible with MAO inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants.

Side Effects: With frequent or prolonged use - irritation of the mucous membrane, burning, tingling, sneezing, dryness, hypersecretion.

Rarely - swelling of the nasal mucosa, palpitations, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure, headache, vomiting, sleep disturbance, visual disturbances.

With long-term use of high doses - depression.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, arterial hypertension, tachycardia, severe atherosclerosis, glaucoma, atrophic rhinitis, hyperthyroidism, pregnancy, breastfeeding.

Overdose: Symptoms: increased side effects.

Treatment: symptomatic.

Special Instructions: The aerosol is used in children under 3 years of age.

Nasal drops with a concentration of the active substance of 1 mg/ml for children under 2 years of age are prescribed only by a doctor.

Should not be used for a long time (for example, for chronic rhinitis).

For colds, in cases where crusts form in the nose, it is preferable to administer it in the form of a gel.

Instructions for use and dosage

Depending on the age characteristics of the patients, as well as the type of disease that caused the disruption of nasal breathing, the doctor may prescribe different therapeutic doses of the drug and patterns of its use.

The drug Dlyanos, produced in the form of a spray, is intended only for use by adult patients. A single injection of the drug is performed into the left and right nasal passages, while such manipulations are permissible no more than 4 times during the day.

For the nose, according to the instructions for use, it is used for no more than 5-7 days in both adult patients and children. Longer treatment with xylometazoline-based drugs, as well as significantly exceeding the permissible dosage of the solution, can cause atrophic processes in the mucous membrane of the nasal turbinates, which is called drug-induced rhinitis.

Advantages and disadvantages of such means

The uniqueness of complex drops is that their composition and dosage of substances are selected depending on the patient’s age and the complexity of the disease. This is of great importance when treating children. Like all medications, combination drops have their positive and negative sides. The advantages of multi-component products include:

• individual selection of components,
• relatively inexpensive cost,
• the preparation time of the drug is always known,
• using several components at once is more effective than individually,
• one medicine is used instead of two or three.

When preparing the medicine at home, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the dosage of the components so as not to change the therapeutic effect of the drops.

It is important to use sterile instruments, clean containers, and wear gloves. Disadvantages of combination drugs:

• failure to comply with the proportions may lead to an overdose of one of the components or lack of therapeutic effect,
• some components of the medication are not initially intended for administration into the nasal cavity,
• individual medications can have a general effect on the body,
• there is a high possibility of negative reactions due to the large number of active substances in the composition,
• lack of clinical data on the study of the drug,
• limited shelf life of the drug.

Side effects

The World Health Organization has created a special classification that reflects the frequency of adverse reactions in the body from a particular drug:

• up to 0.1 – very often
• up to 0.01 – often;
• from 0.001 to 0.01 – infrequently;
• up to 0.0001 – rare;
• isolated cases are very rare.

When using the medicine for the common cold, Fornos, some negative reactions from the body were identified.

The spray and drops contain instructions for use, which clearly describe possible complications:

• From the immune system: urticaria, angioedema, itching, rash are very rare.
• Neuropsychiatric disorders: a common sign of a drug overdose is headache, rarely - depressive states, sleep disturbances.
• Cardiovascular system disorders: rarely develops increased heart rate and increased blood pressure, very rarely - arrhythmia.
• On the part of the respiratory system: drying of the nasal mucosa and its irritation are often observed, burning, sneezing, and increased secretion of secretions by the nasopharyngeal epithelium appear.
• Local reactions: use of the drug Dlyanos is often accompanied by a feeling of burning and tingling.
• Manifestations of gastrointestinal disorders: often the patient may feel nausea, rarely vomiting.

To avoid the development of unpleasant complications, Fornos should be used according to the instructions and only after prior consultation with a doctor. The effectiveness of the active substance allows you to eliminate signs of nasal congestion for a period of up to 12 hours and restore breathing.

Author: Violeta Kudryavtseva, doctor, especially for Moylor.ru

Side effects

Usually the medicine is well tolerated by patients. Some children may develop adverse reactions while using this drug:

• from the nervous system - dizziness, lethargy, drowsiness, lethargy;
• from the respiratory system - shortness of breath, nasal congestion, feeling of lack of air;
• local reactions - burning and itching in the nose, frequent sneezing, dryness of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity;
• from the cardiovascular system - increased blood pressure, tachycardia, rapid pulse;
• allergic reactions - redness of the mucous membranes and skin around the nose, tissue swelling, urticaria, rashes, and in severe cases, the development of anaphylactic shock.

If one or more of these symptoms appears, treatment should be stopped immediately and consult a doctor for advice.