Eufillin for a child almost 6 years old - tell me the dosage
Instructions for use of the drug Eufilin provide the patient with complete information about its use according to indications, as well as those contraindications that should be taken into account when prescribing.
In addition to introductory information about the composition and form of the drug, its storage conditions and expiration date, the instructions contain recommendations on the dosage of Eufillin and the possibility of treatment for various categories of patients. Here you can also find additional instructions and learn about drug interactions, and read reviews from other patients.
The release form of the bronchodilator drug Eufillin is a round, flat-cylindrical tablet with a score line, which is white in color with a possible shade of yellow.
Composition and packaging
The active substance of the drug is aminophylline, which is taken in the required concentration. The auxiliary components are calcium stearate and potato starch.
On pharmacy shelves, the drug Eufillin can be seen in cardboard packaging, which contains one, two or three blisters with a dozen tablets. The drug is also sold in polymer jars packed in cardboard, containing three dozen tablets each.
Storage conditions
The place where the drug is stored should be protected from access by children. Its temperature conditions must correspond to room temperature. You also need to choose a room that is dry and protected from light.
The drug should be stored under proper conditions for no more than five years.
Eufillin is a drug that is available in the form of tablets and powder. Aminophylline contains theophylline, which dilates blood vessels. The drug reduces blood pressure, relaxes smooth muscles, and improves blood flow. Under the influence of aminophylline, the heart muscle is stimulated, the nervous system is slightly excited. Cumulative properties are also noted.
Indications for use
The main indications for the use of aminophylline in children are bronchial asthma, emphysema, pulmonary edema and other diseases that are accompanied by increased blood pressure. For adults, one of the indications is stroke accompanied by cerebral edema and myocardial infarction.
The drug aminofillin has the following contraindications:
- hypotension;
- peptic ulcer;
- aggravated myocardial infarction;
- tachycardia;
- extrasystole.
Side effects of aminophylline include diarrhea, headaches, vomiting, nervous excitability, abdominal pain, deep breathing, rapid heartbeat, and hypotension. If the drug is administered rectally, irritation of the rectal mucosa may occur. The presence of such a large number of contraindications and side effects makes the drug quite dangerous if taken uncontrolled.
Eufillin for children
You cannot prescribe aminophylline to children on your own! The instructions indicate that the drug should not be used until the age of three months. Therefore, always consult a doctor who will tell you whether aminophylline can be given to children or whether it should be replaced with a drug with a similar effect. Tablets and capsules can be prescribed to 12-year-old children, but even in this case, the dosage of aminophylline is determined by the doctor.
In case of urgent need, aminophylline tablets are prescribed to children at a rate of about 5 milligrams per kilogram of weight. The timing should also be observed. For example, aminophylline can be administered to newborn children with cough or bronchitis no more often than once every eight hours. If the child is over six months old, the administration time is reduced to six hours.
Compress based on "Eufillin"
If the cough is very severe, the effectiveness is demonstrated by a compress made on the basis of this medicine with Dimexide.” To prepare a compress, you need to mix one tablespoon of Eufillin, Dimexide, Mucolvan with five tablespoons of water.
In this composition, heated to 40 degrees, gauze folded in several layers is moistened. It is applied to the child's back in the upper chest area. Place cling film on top of the gauze. In this case, the baby should be carefully wrapped. This compress can be kept for no more than two hours.
In this case, “Dimexide” acts as a transporter of drugs that are part of this drug.
Parents of babies leave mostly good reviews about this compress, as it helps to quickly put the child on his feet, eliminating his debilitating cough. The compress makes breathing easier for the minor and effectively relieves the resulting spasm.
Pharmacological properties
Euphyllin belongs to the group of xanthines. It contains the main active ingredient - theophylline. The drug has a dilating effect on the bronchi, relaxing their smooth muscles and eliminating spasms. In addition, it improves the functioning of the cilia of the respiratory tract epithelium, improves the contractions of the diaphragmatic, intercostal and other respiratory muscles. Eufillin stimulates the respiratory center in the medulla oblongata, improves pulmonary ventilation, oxygen saturation of the blood and reduces the carbon dioxide content in it, that is, normalizes respiratory function.
The mechanism of action of Eufillin is the inhibition of the phosphodiesterase enzyme, due to which cAMP accumulates in the tissues, the flow of calcium ions into the cells, which are responsible for muscle contraction, is reduced, and this relaxes the bronchial muscles.
Eufillin, according to the instructions, stimulates cardiac activity, increasing the frequency and force of myocardial contraction . It can reduce the tone of blood vessels, mainly the skin, kidneys and brain. By having a relaxing effect on the venous walls in the pulmonary circulation, the drug reduces pressure in it.
The use of Eufillin improves blood supply to the kidneys, thereby increasing the formation and excretion of urine.
The drug slows down platelet aggregation and makes red blood cells more resistant to damage, that is, it improves the rheological properties of blood.
Eufillin is known to have a tocolytic effect on the uterus; it also increases the acidity of gastric juice.
The product is well absorbed from the digestive tract, its bioavailability reaches 100%. When taken simultaneously with food, absorption slows down somewhat. It passes into breast milk and through the placenta. Euphyllin metabolism occurs in the liver, and it is excreted from the body in the urine.
Eufillin for children with cough in tablets
Pills
round, flat-cylindrical, white or white with a yellowish tint, with a chamfer.
Excipients: calcium stearate, potato starch.
10 pieces. — cellular contour packages (1) — cardboard packs. 10 pieces. — contour cell packaging (2) — cardboard packs. 10 pieces. — cellular contour packages (3) — cardboard packs. 30 pcs. - cans (1) - cardboard packs. 30 pcs. — polymer jars (1) — cardboard packs.
Bronchodilator, xanthine derivative; inhibits phosphodiesterase, increases the accumulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in tissues, blocks adenosine (purine) receptors; reduces the flow of calcium ions through the channels of cell membranes, reduces the contractile activity of smooth muscles. Relaxes the bronchial muscles, increases mucociliary clearance, stimulates contraction of the diaphragm, improves the function of the respiratory and intercostal muscles, stimulates the respiratory center, increases its sensitivity to carbon dioxide and improves alveolar ventilation, which ultimately leads to a decrease in the severity and frequency of apnea episodes. By normalizing respiratory function, it helps saturate the blood with oxygen and reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide. It has a stimulating effect on the activity of the heart, increases the strength and number of heart contractions, increases coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen demand. Reduces the tone of blood vessels (mainly those of the brain, skin and kidneys). It has a peripheral venodilating effect, reduces pulmonary vascular resistance, and reduces pressure in the “lesser” circulation. Increases renal blood flow and has a moderate diuretic effect. Expands extrahepatic bile ducts. Inhibits platelet aggregation (suppresses platelet activating factor and PgE2 alpha), increases the resistance of red blood cells to deformation (improves the rheological properties of blood), reduces thrombus formation and normalizes microcirculation. It has a tocolytic effect, increases the acidity of gastric juice. When used in large doses, it has an enileptogenic effect.
After oral administration, it is quickly and completely absorbed, bioavailability is 90-100%. Food reduces the rate of absorption without affecting its magnitude (large volumes of liquid and proteins speed up the process). The higher the dose taken, the lower the absorption rate. The time to reach Cmax is 1-2 hours. Vd is in the range of 0.3-0.7 l/kg (30-70% of the “ideal” body weight), on average 0.45 l/kg. The connection with plasma proteins in adults is 60%, in patients with liver cirrhosis - 36%. Penetrates into breast milk (10% of the dose taken), through the placental barrier (the concentration in the fetal blood serum is slightly higher than in the maternal serum).
Aminophylline exhibits bronchodilating properties in concentrations of 10-20 mcg/ml. Concentrations above 20 mg/ml are toxic. The stimulating effect on the respiratory center is realized at a lower content of the drug in the blood of 5-10 mcg/ml. Metabolized at physiological pH values with the release of free theophylline, which is further metabolized in the liver with the participation of several cytochrome P450 isoenzymes. As a result, 1, 3-dimethyluric acid (45-55%) is formed, which has pharmacological activity, but is 1-5 times inferior to theophylline. Caffeine is an active metabolite and is formed in small quantities. In children over 3 years of age and in adults (unlike younger children), the phenomenon of caffeine accumulation is absent. T1/2 in children over 6 months – 3.7 hours; in adults – 8.7 hours; for “smokers” (20-40 cigarettes per day) - 4-5 hours (after quitting smoking, pharmacokinetics normalize after 3-4 months); in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary heart disease and pulmonary heart failure - over 24 hours. Excreted by the kidneys.
Broncho-obstructive syndrome of any origin: bronchial asthma (drug of choice in patients with exercise-induced asthma and as an additional remedy for other forms), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary emphysema, chronic obstructive bronchitis, pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale, sleep apnea.
Orally, adults should be prescribed 150 mg per dose 1-3 times a day after meals. Children should be prescribed orally at the rate of 7-10 mg/kg per day in 4 divided doses. The duration of the course of treatment is from several days to several months, depending on the course of the disease and tolerability of the drug.
Higher doses of aminophylline for adults orally: single - 0.5 g, daily - 1.5 g. Higher doses for children orally: single - 7 mg/kg, daily - 15 mg/kg.
From the nervous system
: dizziness, headache, insomnia, agitation, anxiety, irritability, tremor.
From the cardiovascular system:
palpitations, tachycardia (including in the fetus when taken by a pregnant woman in the third trimester), arrhythmias, cardialgia, decreased blood pressure, increased frequency of angina attacks.
From the digestive system
: gastralgia, nausea, vomiting, gastroesophageal reflux, heartburn, exacerbation of peptic ulcer, diarrhea, with long-term use - loss of appetite.
Allergic reactions:
skin rash, itching, fever.
Other:
chest pain, tachypnea, flushing, albuminuria, hematuria, hypoglycemia, increased diuresis, increased sweating.
Hypersensitivity (including to other xanthine derivatives: caffeine, pentoxifylline, theobromine), epilepsy, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (in the acute stage), gastritis with high acidity, severe arterial hyper- or hypotension, tachyarrhythmias, hemorrhagic stroke, hemorrhage into the retina of the eye, children's age (up to 3 years).
Instructions for use of Eufillin
In solution form
the drug is administered intravenously and intramuscularly; parenteral use is justified in the treatment of emergency conditions. In this case, the dosage is calculated individually, depending on the severity of the condition and the patient’s weight.
For adults in emergency situations, the dose of Eufillin according to the instructions is selected at the rate of 6 mg/kg , it is diluted in 20 ml of physiological sodium chloride solution, and administered intravenously slowly over at least 5 minutes.
Asthmatic status requires infusion administration of the drug in the amount of 720 - 750 mg. Parenteral administration of Eufillin is not recommended for longer than 14 days.
To alleviate the condition of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in the acute phase, start with a dose of 5–6 mg/kg of the drug. If necessary, it should be increased very carefully, under control of its content in the blood.
Eufillin tablets are taken 0.15 g 1 to 3 times a day, after meals. The course of treatment can last from several days to several months.
For apnea of newborns, when breathing stops last for 15 seconds with a simultaneous decrease in heartbeat, the initial dose of this drug for newborns is 5 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses. The drug is administered through a nasogastric tube. When the condition stabilizes, switch to a maintenance dose of 2 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses. The duration of use can range from several weeks to several months.
Depending on the severity of the condition and indications for Eufillin in children, the daily dose varies from 6 to 15 mg/kg.
For elderly patients, caution should be exercised when treating with the drug. According to reviews, Eufillin enhances the side effects of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and adrenergic stimulants . Do not use this product simultaneously with other xanthine derivatives.
